Reaction of a series of N-alkyl- and N,N-dialkylbromoacetamides 1a-1e with phenanthridine afforded quaternary phenanthridinium salts 2a-2e. These compounds treated with triethylamine form azomethine ylides which undergo a cycloaddition reaction with activated C=C bond, giving 3-(N-alkylcarbamoyl)-1,2,3,12b-tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-f]phenanthridines 3a-3e, 4c, 5c, 6c or 3-(N-alkylcarbamoyl)-2,3-dihydropyrrolo[1,2-f]phenanthridine 7c. Their stereochemistry was studied by NMR spectroscopy. The best results were obtained with fumaronitrile as a dipolarophile. It has been found that the ylides react in syn conformations but if 1-adamantyl moiety is bound to the ylide, it reacts in anti conformation, too. The azomethine ylides show a very poor reactivity towards dimethyl fumarate or dimethyl maleate. Yet we could prepare products for ylide bearing 1-adamantyl group.
一系列的N-烷基和N,N-二烷基溴乙酰胺1a-1e与菲啰啉反应,生成季铵盐2a-2e。这些化合物与三乙胺处理形成亚甲基亚胺叶烯,它们与活化的C=C键发生环加成反应,得到3-(N-烷基氨甲酰)-1,2,3,12b-四氢吡咯并[1,2-f]菲啰啉3a-3e、4c、5c、6c或3-(N-烷基氨甲酰)-2,3-二氢吡咯并[1,2-f]菲啰啉7c。它们的立体化学性质通过NMR光谱学进行了研究。使用富马酰亚胺作为双极亲电体获得了最佳结果。发现亚甲基亚胺叶烯以syn构象反应,但如果1-金刚烷基团与亚胺叶烯结合,则也会以anti构象反应。亚甲基亚胺叶烯对于二甲基富马酸酯或二甲基马来酸酯的反应活性非常低。然而,我们可以制备带有1-金刚烷基团的亚胺叶烯产物。