with a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) in water. Pdnanoparticles were immobilized on these poly(NIPAM-co-4-VP) hydrogels. The heterogeneous Pdcatalyst showed high catalytic activities for carbon–carbon couplingreactions, such as Suzuki–Miyaura, Heck–Mizoroki, and Sonogashira couplingreactions in water. The Pdcatalystimmobilized on poly(NIPAM-co-4-VP) hydrogel (NIPAM:4-VP = 1:1 M ratio)
It has been found that a new and practical catalyst system of ruthenium-supported on alumina carries out copper-free Sonogashiracoupling reactions with high efficiency over a wide range of substrates under mild and convenient conditions.
Palladium nanoparticles embedded in improved mesoporous silica: a pH-triggered phase transfer catalyst for Sonogashira reaction
作者:Xiaohua Zhao、Xiang Liu、Yaoqin Zhu、Ming Lu
DOI:10.1002/aoc.3349
日期:2015.10
An efficient and reusable pH‐responsive mesoporoussilica nanocomposite shuttle‐supported palladiumcatalyst was synthesized, which efficiently promotes the Sonogashirareaction in water‐based biphasic systems. This catalyst of shell‐embeddedpalladiumnanoparticles is highly dispersed in organic phase in a pH range from 9 to 10 just like a homogeneous catalyst, and can be separated and reused like a
tri-palladium clusters [Pd3]+ were successfully applied in the catalytic Sonogashira and Heck couplings. For both reactions, these palladium triangles showed excellent reactivities even in gram-scale syntheses and presented exclusive selectivity to aryl iodides over the other halogenated aromatics. HRMS tracking of [Pd3]+ in both reactions revealed their robustness.