Synthesis of Thiocarbohydrazones and Evaluation of their in vitro Antileishmanial Activity
作者:Munira T. Muhammad、Nida Ghouri、Khalid M. Khan、Arshia、Muhammad I. Choudhary、Shahnaz Perveen
DOI:10.2174/1573406414666180115094630
日期:2018.10.3
Background: Leishmaniasis is a protozoan parasitic vector-borne disease which is
endemic in 88 tropical countries. Infected sandfly is the main vector of this disease, while there
are several other vectors, parasites, and reservoirs involved in the transmission of this disease.
Leishmania donovani, L. infantum, and L. chagasi are common disease causing species, transmitted
through sandflies. Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease with broad spectrum of
clinical manifestations. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is prevalent in many countries, including Pakistan.
Methods: Thiocarbohydrazones (1-20) were synthesized through one pot method by refluxing
thiocarbahydrazide with different substituted benzaldehydes in ethanol in the presence of acetic
acid as a catalyst. These synthetic compounds were evaluated for their potential antileishmanial
activity in vitro against Leishmania major promastigotes.
Results: Compounds 5-8, 11, 14, 16, 17, 19 and 20 were reported earlier, while compounds 2-4,
9, 10, 12, 13 and 15 were identified as were derivatives. Compounds 1-20 demonstrated antileishmanial
activities with IC50 values between 1.63 ± 0.05 - 64.82 ± 0.17 µM, as compared to
the standard drug pentamidine (IC50 = 5.09 ± 0.04 µM). Compounds 2 (IC50 = 1.63 ± 0.05 µM),
11 (IC50 = 2.33 ± 0.01 µM), 4 (IC50 = 11.03 ± 0.20 µM), and 10 (IC50 = 11.63 ± 0.06 µM) displayed
comparable antileishmanial activities to the standard drug pentamidine. However, compounds
13, 15-17, and 20 with IC50 values 36.95 ± 0.025, 64.82 ± 0.17, 64.27 ± 0.38, 62.34 ±
0.38, and 40.47 ± 0.05 µM, respectively, showed a moderate antileishmanial activity. In contrast,
compounds 1, 3, 5-9, 12, 14, 18, and 19 demonstrated less than 50% growth inhibition of
promestigotes of L. major, and thus considered as inactive.
Conclusion: In thiocarbohydrazone derivatives, different substituents at aryl part may be responsible
for a varying degree of antileishmanial activity in vitro. Consequently, these compounds
might have a potential for further studies as a new class of antileishmanial agents.
背景:利什曼病是一种原生动物寄生虫病媒传染病,在 88 个热带国家流行。受感染的沙蝇是这种疾病的主要传播媒介,同时还有其他几种传播媒介、寄生虫和储库参与这种疾病的传播。 唐氏利什曼原虫、婴儿利什曼原虫和查加斯利什曼原虫是常见的致病物种,通过沙蝇传播。利什曼病是一种被忽视的热带疾病,具有广泛的临床表现。皮肤利什曼病在包括巴基斯坦在内的许多国家都很流行。 方法:在乙酸作为催化剂的存在下,通过一锅法将硫代酰肼与不同取代的苯甲醛在乙醇中回流合成了硫代酰肼(1-20)。结果:化合物 5-8、11、14、16、17、19 和 20 早先已有报道,而化合物 2-4、9、10、12、13 和 15 则被鉴定为衍生物。与标准药物喷他脒(IC50 = 5.09 ± 0.04 µM)相比,化合物 1-20 具有抗利什曼病活性,IC50 值介于 1.63 ± 0.05 - 64.82 ± 0.17 µM。化合物 2(IC50 = 1.63 ± 0.05 µM)、11(IC50 = 2.33 ± 0.01 µM)、4(IC50 = 11.03 ± 0.20 µM)和 10(IC50 = 11.63 ± 0.06 µM)显示出与标准药物喷他脒相当的抗利什曼活性。然而,IC50 值分别为 36.95 ± 0.025、64.82 ± 0.17、64.27 ± 0.38、62.34 ± 0.38 和 40.47 ± 0.05 µM 的化合物 13、15-17 和 20 显示出中等程度的抗利什曼病活性。结论:在硫代羧腙衍生物中,芳基部分的不同取代基可能是体外抗利什曼活性不同的原因。因此,这些化合物可能有潜力作为一类新的抗利什曼病药进行进一步研究。