Tryptophan (Trp) and tryptophan derivatives are C2-arylated. A C–Hactivation process allows the preparation of both protected and unprotected arylated-Trp amino acids, directly from the amino acid precursor and aryl iodides. The obtained compounds are suitable for standard solid-phase peptide synthesis.
The selective C3-alkylation of indoles with N-protected ethanolamines involving the “borrowing hydrogen” strategy is described. This method provides convenient and sustainable access to several tryptamine derivatives.
An efficient, one-pot reductive alkylation of indoles with N-protected aminoethyl acetals in the presence of TES/TFA is reported. It represents the first general method for the direct synthesis of tryptamine derivatives from indoles and nitrogen-functionalized acetals. This convergent and versatile approach employs safe and inexpensive reagents, proceeds under mild conditions, and tolerates several
[EN] INHIBITORS OF APOL1 AND USE OF THE SAME<br/>[FR] INHIBITEURS D'APOL1 ET LEUR UTILISATION
申请人:VERTEX PHARMA
公开号:WO2021252849A1
公开(公告)日:2021-12-16
The disclosure provides compounds of Formula (I), deuterated derivatives of those compounds, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of those compounds and derivatives, compositions comprising the same, and methods of using the same, including use in treating APOL1 mediated kidney disease.
Mapping the Melatonin Receptor. 3. Design and Synthesis of Melatonin Agonists and Antagonists Derived from 2-Phenyltryptamines
作者:Peter J. Garratt、Rob Jones、Derek A. Tocher、David Sugden
DOI:10.1021/jm00007a010
日期:1995.3
Three series of 2-phenyltryptamides were prepared as melatonin analogues to investigate the nature of the binding site of the melatonin receptor in chicken brain and in Xenopus laevis melanophore cells. The 5-methoxy-2-phenyltryptamides (6a-j) have high binding affinities for the chicken brain receptor, in some cases (6a-d) greater than that for melatonin, confirming and extending the work of Spadoni et al., and act as agonists in the Xenopus melanophore assay. Analogues lacking the 5-methoxyl group (2a-n) had a considerably lower affinity for the chicken brain receptor. In the Xenopus melanophore assay the compounds acylated on nitrogen by an alkyl group (2a-d) were agonists whereas the compounds acylated on nitrogen by an alicyclic group (2a-d) were antagonists. Introducing a methyl group at N-1 (7) led to an increase in binding affinity in the chicken brain assay, whereas introducing an ethyl group (13) led to a decrease in binding affinity. A methyl substituent at the beta-position of the 3-amidoethane side chain (8, 11) also led to an increase in the binding affinity. The only analogue acylated on nitrogen with an alkyl group (acetyl) which showed antagonist activity was 9, which has a beta-methoxymethyl side chain. In the absence of the 5-methoxyl group the methoxymethyl function may cause the molecule to bind in a different configuration so that it is no longer able to activate the receptor. All of these observations are in agreement with a model of melatonin at the receptor site in which the 3-amidoethane side chain is in a conformation close to the 5-methoxyl group.