Design and Synthesis of High Affinity Inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax N-Myristoyltransferases Directed by Ligand Efficiency Dependent Lipophilicity (LELP)
摘要:
N-Myristoyltransferase (NMT) is an essential eukaryotic enzyme and an attractive drug target in parasitic infections such as malaria. We have previously reported that 2-(3-(piperidin-4-yloxy)benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl)-5-((1,3,5-trimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (34c) is a high affinity inhibitor of both Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax NMT and displays activity in vivo against a rodent malaria model. Here we describe the discovery of 34c through optimization of a previously described series. Development, guided by targeting a ligand efficiency dependent lipophilicity (LELP) score of less than 10, yielded a 100-fold increase in enzyme affinity and a 100-fold drop in lipophilicity with the addition of only two heavy atoms. 34c was found to be equipotent on chloroquine-sensitive and -resistant cell lines and on both blood and liver stage forms of the parasite. These data further validate NMT as an exciting drug target in malaria and support 34c as an attractive tool for further optimization.
Discovery of high affinity inhibitors of Leishmania donovani N-myristoyltransferase
作者:Mark D. Rackham、Zhiyong Yu、James A. Brannigan、William P. Heal、Daniel Paape、K. Victoria Barker、Anthony J. Wilkinson、Deborah F. Smith、Robin J. Leatherbarrow、Edward W. Tate
DOI:10.1039/c5md00241a
日期:——
N-Myristoyltransferase (NMT) is a potential drug target in Leishmania parasites. Scaffold-hopping from published inhibitors yielded the serendipitous discovery of a chemotype selective for Leishmania donovani NMT; development led to high affinity inhibitors with excellent ligand efficiency. The bindingmode was characterised by crystallography and provides a structural rationale for selectivity.
Expanding Synthesizable Space of Disubstituted 1,2,4-Oxadiazoles
作者:Andrey Tolmachev、Andrey V. Bogolubsky、Sergey E. Pipko、Alexander V. Grishchenko、Dmytro V. Ushakov、Anton V. Zhemera、Oleksandr O. Viniychuk、Anzhelika I. Konovets、Olga A. Zaporozhets、Pavel K. Mykhailiuk、Yurii S. Moroz
DOI:10.1021/acscombsci.6b00103
日期:2016.10.10
One-pot synthesis of 3,5-disubstituted 1,2,4-oxadiazoles from carboxylic acids and nitriles was optimized to parallel chemistry. The method was validated on a 141 member library; the desired products were recovered with a high success rate and in moderate yields. Practical application of the approach was demonstrated in the synthesis of bioactive compound pifexole and agonists of free fatty acid receptor