Esterification of Aldehydes and Alcohols with Pyridinium Hydrobromide Perbromide in Water
作者:Shinsei Sayama、Tetsuo Onami
DOI:10.1055/s-2004-835630
日期:——
The direct esterification of aldehydes and alcohols was carried out with pyridinium hydrobromide perbromide in water at room temperature. A variety of aldehydes were converted to respective ester derivatives with alcoholssuch as methanol, 1,2-ethanediol, 1,3-propanediol. Further, a variety of aliphatic alcohols were also converted to the corresponding Tishchenko-like dimeric esters in good yields under
BITTER TASTE MODIFIERS INCLUDING SUBSTITUTED 1-BENZYL-3-(1-(ISOXAZOL-4-YLMETHYL)-1H-PYRAZOL-4-YL)IMIDAZOLIDINE-2,4-DIONES AND COMPOSITIONS THEREOF
申请人:SENOMYX, INC.
公开号:US20160376263A1
公开(公告)日:2016-12-29
The present invention includes compounds and compositions known to modify the perception of bitter taste, and combinations of said compositions and compounds with additional compositions, compounds, and products. Exemplary compositions comprise one or more of the following: cooling agents; inactive drug ingredients; active pharmaceutical ingredients; food additives or foodstuffs; flavorants, or flavor enhancers; food or beverage products; bitter compounds; sweeteners; bitterants; sour flavorants; salty flavorants; umami flavorants; plant or animal products; compounds known to be used in pet care products; compounds known to be used in personal care products; compounds known to be used in home products; pharmaceutical preparations; topical preparations; cannabis-derived or cannabis-related products; compounds known to be used in oral care products; beverages; scents, perfumes, or odorants; compounds known to be used in consumer products; silicone compounds; abrasives; surfactants; warming agents; smoking articles; fats, oils, or emulsions; and/or probiotic bacteria or supplements.
This invention provides smoking compositions which contain a .beta.-hydroxy-.gamma.-ketoester compound as a flavorant-release additive. In one of its embodiments, this invention provides tobacco compositions which contain a flavorant-release additive such as dodecyl 3-hydroxy-2,2,3-trimethyl-4-oxopentanoate: ##STR1## Under cigarette smoking conditions the above illustrated .beta.-hydroxy-.gamma.-keto ester pyrolyzes into 2,3-butanedione and other products which enhance the flavor of the mainstream smoke and the aroma of sidestream smoke.
Hydride transfer from a hydrosilane to a copper(I) salt is reported. The silicon group of hydrosilanes was smoothly replaced by copper(I) chloride in DMI to give the corresponding metal hydridecomplex of copper(I). This transformation was applied to conjugate reduction of α,β-unsaturated compounds with a hydrosilane mediated by copper(I) chloride.