Studies on the nonmevalonate pathway: conversion of 4-(cytidine 5′-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-d-erythritol to its 2-phospho derivative by 4-(cytidine 5′-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-d-erythritol kinase
摘要:
A nonmevalonate pathway intermediate, 4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol, is transformed to its 2-phospho-derivative in the presence of ATP by a novel Escherichia coli enzyme, 4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol kinase. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Molecular cloning, expression and characterization of the first three genes in the mevalonate-independent isoprenoid pathway in Streptomyces coelicolor
摘要:
The mevalonate-independent biosynthetic pathway to isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate, the universal precursors to the isoprenoids, operates in eubacteria, including Escherichia coli, in algae, and in the plastids of higher plants. A search of the Sanger Centre Streptomyces coelicolor genome database revealed open reading frames with ca. 40-50% identity at the deduced amino acid level to the first three E. coli enzymes of this pathway, corresponding to deoxyxylulose phosphate synthase, deoxyxylulose phosphate reductoisomerase and 2-C-methyl erythritol 4-phosphate cytidylyltransferase. The S. coelicolor genes have been cloned and expressed in E. coli, and the recombinant proteins characterized physically and kinetically. The presence of the corresponding enzyme activities in extracts of S. coelicolor CH999 further supports the operation of the mevalonate-independent pathway in this organism. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Formation of 4-(cytidine 5′-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-d-erythritol from 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol 4-phosphate by 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol 4-phosphate cytidylyltransferase, a new enzyme in the nonmevalonate pathway
2-C-Methyl- D-erythritol-4-phosphate is transformed to 4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol in the presence of cytidine 5'-triphosphate by a novel Escherichia coli enzyme, 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate cytidylyltransferase, involved in the nonmevalonate pathway. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
VARIANT ISOPRENOID PRODUCING ENZYMES AND USES THEREOF
申请人:Mendez Michael
公开号:US20120064629A1
公开(公告)日:2012-03-15
This disclosure provides methods of designing and generating polypeptide variants that have altered properties compared to a parent polypeptide. The present disclosure provides methods of generating polypeptide variants, for example, variant isoprenoid synthases and/or variant prenyl transferases that have at least one desired property not present in the parent polypeptide. The present disclosure further provides polypeptides and polynucleotides encoding variant polypeptides, as well as vectors and host cells comprising the polynucleotides that encode the variant polypeptides. In other embodiments, the present disclosure provides methods of using the variant polypeptides to generate useful products, such as isoprenoid compounds and/or isoprenoid products.
BIOFUEL PRODUCTION IN PROKARYOTES AND EUKARYOTES
申请人:Heaps Nicole A.
公开号:US20120058535A1
公开(公告)日:2012-03-08
Terpene synthases are enzymes that directly convert IPP & DMAPP to terpenes, such as fusicoccadiene. Described herein are methods and compositions for the production of terpenes and terpenoids for use as fuel molecules or other useful components. Genetically engineered enzymes capable of producing terpenes and terpenoids are also described.
METHODS OF PREPARING OIL COMPOSITIONS FOR FUEL REFINING
申请人:Goodall Brian L.
公开号:US20120116138A1
公开(公告)日:2012-05-10
Disclosed herein are methods and systems for upgrading (for example, removing heteroatoms, metals, or metalloids) an oil composition derived or extracted from a biomass. The upgraded oil composition can be used to make a desired product, for example, a fuel product.