The object of the present invention is to provide vitamin D derivatives that have excellent physiological activities as medicines, particularly as therapeutic agents for skin diseases such as psoriasis, and that have a reduced hypercalcemic effect.
The present invention provides a vitamin D derivative of Formula (1):
1
wherein
X represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom;
m represents a number of 1 to 3;
R
1
and R
2
each represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group;
R
4
and R
5
each represent a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group, etc.;
R
3
represents —YR
8
, etc.;
R
6
represents a hydrogen atom, etc.; and
R
7
represents a hydrogen atom, etc.
本发明的目的是提供作为药物的维生素D衍生物,特别是作为治疗银屑病等皮肤疾病的治疗剂,并且具有减少高钙血症作用的维生素D衍生物。
本发明提供了化学式(1)的维生素D衍生物:
1
其中
X代表氧原子或硫原子;
m代表1至3的数字;
R
1
和R
2
分别代表氢原子或烷基;
R
4
和R
5
分别代表氢原子或羟基等;
R
3
代表—YR
8
等;
R
6
代表氢原子等;以及
R
7
代表氢原子等。
Compositions and Methods for Fermentation of Biomass
申请人:Parekh Sarad
公开号:US20100268000A1
公开(公告)日:2010-10-21
In one aspect, this invention relates to production of useful fermentation end-products from biomass through simultaneous hydrolysis and fermentation by a microorganism, such as
Clostridium phytofermentans
. The invention also relates to the development of a process for efficient pretreatment and conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to end-products with high conversion efficiency (yield). In another aspect, methods for producing a fermentation end-product by fermenting hexose (C6) and pentose (C5) sugars with a microorganism, such as
Clostridium phytofermentans
are disclosed herein.
Methods, enzymes, recombinant microorganism, and microbial systems are provided for converting polysaccharides, such as those derived from biomass, into suitable monosaccharides or oligosaccharides, as well as for converting suitable monosaccharides or oligosaccharides into commodity chemicals, such as biofuels. Commodity chemicals produced by the methods described herein are also provided. Commodity chemical enriched, refinery-produced petroleum products are also provided, as well as methods for producing the same.
The invention relates to secondary C
10
to C
18
surfactant alcohols of the general formula (I), wherein R represents methyl or ethyl and R′ represents a linear or branched alkyl group with 6-13 C atoms, excepting 5-ethyl-2-nonanol and 6-ethyl-3-decanol, in addition to fatty alcohol alkoxylates, alkyl phosphates, alkyl sulphates, alkyl ether phosphates and alkyl ether sulphates. The secondary C
10
to C
18
surfactant alcohols can be produced by a simple aldol condensation of linear or branched saturated or unsaturated C
7
-C
14
aldehydes, excepting 2-ethyl hexanal, with acetone or methyl ethyl ketone and the subsequent hydrogenation of the condensation product. In the preferred method, the aldol condensation is heterogenically catalysed under hydrogenation conditions and the saturated ketone that has been formed is subsequently hydrogenated.
1
METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR PRODUCING CHEMICAL PRODUCTS FROM C. PHYTOFERMENTANS
申请人:Schmalisch Matthias
公开号:US20110183382A1
公开(公告)日:2011-07-28
This invention provides systems and methods for the production of compounds by
C. phytofermentans. C. phytofermentans
is genetically-engineered for hydrolysis and fermentation of carbonaceous biomass to synthesize compounds of commercial value.