The Prevalence of Daytime Napping and Its Relationship to Nighttime Sleep
摘要:
Many healthy adults report daytime napping. Surprisingly few studies, however have examined spontaneous napping behavior especially very short naps, in healthy adults. The authors examined the prevalence of power naps (lasting less than 20 minutes) and longer naps (20 minutes or more) and their effects on nighttime sleep in a group of healthy young and middle-aged adults. The young and middle-aged adults reported very similar sleep and napping patterns, with approximately 74% of the participants in both groups reporting they had napped during a 7-day sleep-log period. Almost half of the participants reported that the average nap lasted less than 20 minutes. A multivariant analysis of variance (MANOVA) found no significant differences between the no-nap and the power-nap or long-nap groups in sleep quantity or quality for either age group. The current data suggested that power napping occurs frequently in healthy adults and that spontaneous napping does not negatively affect nighttime sleep.
The Prevalence of Daytime Napping and Its Relationship to Nighttime Sleep
摘要:
Many healthy adults report daytime napping. Surprisingly few studies, however have examined spontaneous napping behavior especially very short naps, in healthy adults. The authors examined the prevalence of power naps (lasting less than 20 minutes) and longer naps (20 minutes or more) and their effects on nighttime sleep in a group of healthy young and middle-aged adults. The young and middle-aged adults reported very similar sleep and napping patterns, with approximately 74% of the participants in both groups reporting they had napped during a 7-day sleep-log period. Almost half of the participants reported that the average nap lasted less than 20 minutes. A multivariant analysis of variance (MANOVA) found no significant differences between the no-nap and the power-nap or long-nap groups in sleep quantity or quality for either age group. The current data suggested that power napping occurs frequently in healthy adults and that spontaneous napping does not negatively affect nighttime sleep.
<i>B</i>-Allenyl- and <i>B-</i>(γ-Trimethylsilylpropargyl)- 10-phenyl-9-borabicyclo[3.3.2]decanes: Asymmetric Synthesis of Propargyl and α-Allenyl 3°-Carbinols from Ketones
作者:Eliud Hernandez、Carlos H. Burgos、Eyleen Alicea、John A. Soderquist
DOI:10.1021/ol061596j
日期:2006.8.1
Simple and efficient Grignard procedures are reported for the syntheses of B-allenyl-10-(phenyl)-9-borabicyclo[3.3.2]decane (1) and its B-(gamma-trimethylsilylpropargyl) counterpart (2) in both enantiomeric forms. Both add selectively to ketones, providing propargyl- and alpha-silylallenyl 3-degree-carbinols, respectively (i.e., 6 (61-93% ee) and 9 (64-98% ee)). The air-stable boron byproduct is efficiently
Ready Access to Benzannulated [5,5]-Oxaspirolactones Using Au(III)-Catalyzed Cascade Cyclizations
作者:Yash Mankad、Sagar S. Thorat、Pronay Das、Gamidi Rama Krishna、Ravindar Kontham、D. Srinivasa Reddy
DOI:10.1021/acs.joc.1c02843
日期:2022.3.4
showcases an unprecedented Au(III)-catalyzed cascade cyclization of 2-(4-hydroxyalkynyl)benzoates to access benzannulated [5,5]-oxaspirolactones related to biologically active natural products. This reaction proceeds through an initial 5-endo-dig mode of hydroalkoxylation of the alkynol segment to give the oxocarbenium species (via cyclic enol-ether) followed by the addition of carboxylate onto the oxocarbenium