Liquid Triarylamines: The Scope and Limitations of Piers–Rubinsztajn Conditions for Obtaining Triarylamine–Siloxane Hybrid Materials
摘要:
New liquid triarylamine-siloxane hybrid materials are produced using the Piers-Rubinsztajn reaction. Under mild conditions, liquid analogues of conventional and commonly crystalline triarylamines are easily synthesized from readily available or accessible intermediates. Using a diverse selection of triarylamines, we explored the effects of siloxane group and substitution pattern on the physical properties of these materials, and we have demonstrated that relatively large molecular liquids with desirable electrochemical properties can be produced. The interactions between the strongly Lewis acidic catalyst used for this transformation, tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane (BCF), and the Lewis basic triarylamine substrates were studied. Through UV-vis-NIR and F-19 NMR spectroscopy, we have proposed that the catalyst undergoes a reversible redox reaction with the substrates to produce a charge transfer complex. The formation of this charge transfer complex is sensitive to the oxidation potential of the triarylamine and can greatly affect the kinetics of the Piers-Rubinsztajn reaction.
Palladium-Catalyzed Intramolecular C–H Arylation of Arenes Using Tosylates and Mesylates as Electrophiles
作者:Christine S. Nervig、Peter J. Waller、Dipannita Kalyani
DOI:10.1021/ol302166n
日期:2012.9.21
paper describes a method for the palladium catalyzed intramolecular C–H arylation using tosylates and mesylates as electrophiles. The transformation is efficient for the synthesis of various heterocyclic motifs including furans, carbazoles, indoles, and lactams. Additionally, a protocol for the one-pot sequential tosylation/arylation of phenol derivatives is presented.
Photochemical Synthesis of Complex Carbazoles: Evaluation of Electronic Effects in Both UV‐ and Visible‐Light Methods in Continuous Flow
作者:Augusto C. Hernandez‐Perez、Antoine Caron、Shawn K. Collins
DOI:10.1002/chem.201502661
日期:2015.11.9
An evaluation of both a visible‐light‐ and UV‐light‐mediated synthesis of carbazoles from various triarylamines with differing electronic properties under continuous‐flow conditions has been conducted. In general, triarylamines bearing electron‐rich groups tend to produce higher yields than triarylamines possessing electron‐withdrawing groups. The incorporation of nitrogen‐based heterocycles, as well
Palladium-catalyzed C–H bond activation for the assembly of <i>N</i>-aryl carbazoles with aromatic amines as nitrogen sources
作者:Xiaobing Liu、Heyun Sheng、Yao Zhou、Qiuling Song
DOI:10.1039/c9cc09493h
日期:——
A convenient and efficient palladium-catalyzedC-Hbondactivation for the assembly of N-aryl carbazole is reported, in which two C-N bonds were formed under one set of conditions. The desired carbazoles were achieved in decent yields with a wide substrate scope by utilizing readily available 2-iodo biphenyls and aromatic amines as starting materials.
A copper-catalyzed Ullmann-type CN cross-coupling reaction of carbazole with aryl chlorides has been developed employing N,N′-bis(thiophene-2-ylmethyl)oxalamide as ligand. The reaction proceeds at 140 °C with Cs2CO3 as the base in DMSO/MeCN to afford N-arylcarbazole in good to excellent yields. Both the heteroaromatic ring and amide structures in ligands are important for their efficiency.
以N , N'-双(噻吩-2-基甲基)草酰胺为配体,开发了咔唑与芳基氯化物的铜催化乌尔曼型CN交叉偶联反应。该反应在 140 °C 下以 Cs 2 CO 3作为碱在 DMSO/MeCN 中进行,以良好至优异的收率得到N-芳基咔唑。配体中的杂芳环和酰胺结构对其效率都很重要。