Substituent effects of cis-cinnamic acid analogues as plant growh inhibitors
摘要:
1-O-cis-Cinnamoyl-beta-D-glucopyranose is one of the most potent allelochemicals that has been isolated from Spiraea thunbergii Sieb by Hiradate et al. It derives its strong inhibitory activity from cis-cinnamic acid (cis-CA), which is crucial for phytotoxicity. By preparing and assaying a series of cis-CA analogues, it was previously found that the key features of cis-CA for lettuce root growth inhibition are a phenyl ring, cis-configuration of the alkene moiety, and carboxylic acid. On the basis of a structure-activity relationship study, the substituent effects on the aromatic ring of cis-CA were examined by systematic synthesis and the lettuce root growth inhibition assay of a series of cis-CA analogues having substituents on the aromatic ring. While ortho- and para-substituted analogues exhibited low potency in most cases, meta-substitution was not critical for potency, and analogues having a hydrophobic and sterically small substituent were more likely to be potent. Finally, several cis-CA analogues were found to be more potent root growth inhibitors than cis-CA. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Improved Flavodoxin Inhibitors with Potential Therapeutic Effects against Helicobacter pylori Infection
摘要:
Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection affects one-half of the human population and produces a variety of diseases from peptic ulcer to cancer. Current eradication therapies achieve modest success rates (around 70%), resistance to the antibiotics of choice is on the rise, and vaccination has not proved to be successful yet. Using an essential Hp protein, flavodoxin, as target, we identified three low-molecular-weight flavodoxin inhibitors with bactericidal anti-Hp properties. To improve their therapeutic indexes, we have now identified and tested 123 related compounds. We have first tested similar compounds available. Then we have designed, synthesized, and tested novel variants for affinity to flavodoxin, MIC for Hp, cytotoxicity, and bactericidal effect. Some are novel bactericidal inhibitors with therapeutic indexes of 9, 38 and 12, significantly higher than those of their corresponding leads. Developing novel Hp-specific antibiotics will help fighting Hp resistance and may have the advantage of not generally perturbing the bacterial flora.
An electrophilic warhead library for mapping the reactivity and accessibility of tractable cysteines in protein kinases
作者:László Petri、Attila Egyed、Dávid Bajusz、Tímea Imre、Anasztázia Hetényi、Tamás Martinek、Péter Ábrányi-Balogh、György M. Keserű
DOI:10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112836
日期:2020.12
diverse covalent warheads. Our library represents a unique opportunity for the efficient integration of warhead-optimization and target-validation into the covalent drug development process. Screening this probe kit against multiple kinases could experimentally characterize the accessibility and reactivity of the targeted cysteines and helped to identify suitable warheads for designedcovalent inhibitors
toolbox of covalentfragments containing chemically diverse electrophilic warheads is presented. By screening this library against a set of enzymes amenable for covalent inhibition, we experimentally characterized the accessibility and reactivity of targetedcysteines. We propose this approach be used as an experimental method for warhead selection in the development of targetedcovalent inhibitors
Compounds having the structures of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds, are CETP inhibitors, and are useful for raising HDL-cholesterol, reducing LDL-cholesterol, and for treating or preventing atherosclerosis:
In the compounds of Formula I, B or R
2
is a phenyl group which has an ortho aryl, heterocyclic, benzoheterocyclic or benzocycloalkyl substituent, and one other position on the 5-membered ring has an aromatic, heterocyclic, cycloalkyl, benzoheterocyclic or benzocycloalkyl substituent connected directly to the ring or attached to the ring through a —CH
2
—.
Compounds having the structures of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds, are CETP inhibitors, and are useful for raising HDL-cholesterol, reducing LDL-cholesterol, and for treating or preventing atherosclerosis:
In the compounds of Formula I, B or R
2
is a phenyl group which has an ortho aryl, heterocyclic, benzoheterocyclic or benzocycloalkyl substituent, and one other position on the 5-membered ring has an aromatic, heterocyclic, cycloalkyl, benzoheterocyclic or benzocycloalkyl substituent connected directly to the ring or attached to the ring through a —CH
2
—.
Compounds having the structures of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds, are CETP inhibitors, and are useful for raising HDL-cholesterol, reducing LDL-cholesterol, and for treating or preventing atherosclerosis:
In the compounds of Formula I, B or R
2
is a phenyl group which has an ortho aryl, heterocyclic, benzoheterocyclic or benzocycloalkyl substituent, and one other position on the 5-membered ring has an aromatic, heterocyclic, cycloalkyl, benzoheterocyclic or benzocycloalkyl substituent connected directly to the ring or attached to the ring through a —CH
2
—.