Process for the coupling of
a) nucleophiles selected from the group alcohols, thioles, amines, metallised hydrocarbons, CH-acidic compounds and metal cyanides, or of
b) carbon monoxide mixed with water, alcohols, ammonia, primary or secondary amines, to organic compounds selected from the group of leaving-group-containing aromatics, hetero-aromatics with a C-bonded leaving group, aromatic or hetero-aromatic methyl compounds with a leaving group bonded to the methyl group, ethylenically unsaturated organic compounds with a C-bonded leaving group, or organic allyl compounds with a leaving group in allyl position, or
c) vinyl compounds with leaving-group-containing aromatics,
whilst cleaving the leaving group in the presence of Pd complexes with monophospholine ligands as the catalyst, whereby variants b) and c) are carried out in the presence of an inorganic base or organic nitrogen base, the process being characterised in that the Pd complex contains secondary monophosphines with aliphatic, branched or cyclic substituents as ligands.
耦合工艺
a) 选自醇、
硫醇、胺、
金属化烃、CH 酸性化合物和
金属
氰化物组的亲核物,或
b) 与
水、醇、
氨、
伯胺或仲胺混合的
一氧化碳,与选自以下组别的有机化合物发生偶联:含离去基团的芳香族化合物、带有 C 键离去基团的杂芳香族化合物、带有与甲基键合的离去基团的芳香族或杂芳香族甲基化合物、带有 C 键离去基团的
乙烯基不饱和有机化合物或在烯丙基位置带有离去基团的有机烯丙基化合物,或
c) 含离去基团芳香族的
乙烯基化合物、
在具有单
磷配体的
钯络合物作为催化剂存在的情况下裂解离去基团,其中变体 b) 和 c) 在
无机碱或有机氮碱存在的情况下进行,该工艺的特点是
钯络合物含有脂肪族、支链或环状取代基作为
配体的仲单
磷酸。