Regiochemistry and stereochemistry of intramolecular [2+2] photocycloaddition of carbon-carbon double bonds to cyclohexenones
摘要:
The intramolecular [2 + 2] photocycloaddition mechanism of alkenes tethered by a three-methylene chain to cyclohexenones has been studied. It was found that the reversion from a 1,4-diradical intermediate to starting material is slow relative to the rate of photoadduct formation. Only ''straight'' closure was observed in the systems studied. For compounds 1-3 and 5, the assumption that the first bond is formed between the beta-carbon of the enone and C-4' leading to a 1,4-diradical is supported. For the formation of compounds 6-11, possible mechanisms are discussed.
that attractive dispersion forces may be responsible for a change of the binding mode. The catalytic [2+2] photocycloaddition was shown to proceed on the triplet hypersurface with a quantum yield of 0.05. The positive effect of Lewis acids on the outcome of a given intramolecular [2+2] photocycloaddition was illustrated by optimizing the key step in a concise total synthesis of the sesquiterpene (±)‐italicene
1,3-Dithiane-protected enones (enone dithianes) were found to undergo an intramolecular [2+2] photocycloaddition under visible-light irradiation (λ=405 nm) in the presence of a Brønsted acid (7.5-10 mol %). Key to the success of the reaction is presumably the formation of colored thionium ions, which are intermediates of the catalytic cycle. Cyclobutanes were thus obtained in very good yields (78-90 %)
The [2 + 2] intramolecular photocycloaddition of E and Z olefins to a cyclohexenone has been investigated; it is concluded that the bond to C(3) in the cyclohexenone is formed first to give the diradical intermediates (7a) and (7b).
Regiochemistry and stereochemistry of intramolecular [2+2] photocycloaddition of carbon-carbon double bonds to cyclohexenones
作者:D. Becker、M. Nagler、Y. Sahali、N. Haddad
DOI:10.1021/jo00014a040
日期:1991.7
The intramolecular [2 + 2] photocycloaddition mechanism of alkenes tethered by a three-methylene chain to cyclohexenones has been studied. It was found that the reversion from a 1,4-diradical intermediate to starting material is slow relative to the rate of photoadduct formation. Only ''straight'' closure was observed in the systems studied. For compounds 1-3 and 5, the assumption that the first bond is formed between the beta-carbon of the enone and C-4' leading to a 1,4-diradical is supported. For the formation of compounds 6-11, possible mechanisms are discussed.
Intramolecular photoaddition of terminal allenes to conjugated cyclohexenones