AbstractThe diesterification of d‐psicose (the C‐3 epimer of d‐fructose) with fatty acid vinyl esters of selected acyl chain lengths (C8, C10, and C12) was successfully carried out using Candida antarctica lipase (Novozym 435) at 45 °C for 24 h to give the 1,6‐diacyl‐d‐psicofuranoses with a high regioselectivity in good yields (83–90%). These diesters of d‐psicose have hydrophilic‐lipophilic balance (HLB) values (6.5–8.2) similar to HLB values of monoglyceride compounds which constitute the largest single type of emulsifiers employed by the food industry. Ability of the d‐psicose diesters to stabilize oil‐in‐water emulsions and the weight‐averaged oil‐droplet diameter in the emulsions was evaluated in this study. Emulsion stability of oil droplets stabilized by d‐psicose dicaprylate (0.3%, w/v in oil phase) was comparable to d‐fructose dicaprylate (0.2%, w/v). It was further confirmed that the d‐psicose diesters exhibited an emulsification activity depending on the chain length of fatty acid; d‐psicose dicaprate showed better emulsion stability than the other diesters.
AbstractThe diesterification of d‐psicose (the C‐3 epimer of d‐fructose) with fatty acid vinyl esters of selected acyl chain lengths (C8, C10, and C12) was successfully carried out using Candida antarctica lipase (Novozym 435) at 45 °C for 24 h to give the 1,6‐diacyl‐d‐psicofuranoses with a high regioselectivity in good yields (83–90%). These diesters of d‐psicose have hydrophilic‐lipophilic balance (HLB) values (6.5–8.2) similar to HLB values of monoglyceride compounds which constitute the largest single type of emulsifiers employed by the food industry. Ability of the d‐psicose diesters to stabilize oil‐in‐water emulsions and the weight‐averaged oil‐droplet diameter in the emulsions was evaluated in this study. Emulsion stability of oil droplets stabilized by d‐psicose dicaprylate (0.3%, w/v in oil phase) was comparable to d‐fructose dicaprylate (0.2%, w/v). It was further confirmed that the d‐psicose diesters exhibited an emulsification activity depending on the chain length of fatty acid; d‐psicose dicaprate showed better emulsion stability than the other diesters.