申请人:BASF Aktiengesellschaft
公开号:US05344983A1
公开(公告)日:1994-09-06
Process for preparing a pentane-1,5-diamine of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 represents a variety of organic radicals including alkyl which can bear substituents such as hydroxyl, halogen, alkoxy, carbalkoxy, carboxyl, alkylamino, cycloalkyl or aryl, and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently of one another, represent hydrogen or have the same meanings as R.sup.1 or together are a C.sub.4 -C.sub.7 -alkylene chain which is unsubstituted or substituted by one to five C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl groups, which comprises: (a) reacting a .gamma.-cyanoketone of the formula ##STR2## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 have the meanings given above, with excess ammonia in a first reaction space on an acidic heterogeneous catalyst at 20.degree.-150.degree. C. and 15-500 bar, and (b) hydrogenating the resulting reaction product in a second separate reaction space in the presence of excess ammonia on a cobalt, nickel or noble metal catalyst at 50.degree.-180.degree. C. and 30-500 bar. Novel pentane-1,5-diamines are obtained, in which R.sup.1 must contain at least two carbon atoms if R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are both hydrogen. These new compounds containing two primary amine groups possess advantageous properties of lower volatility and also greater asymmetry (with different reactivity of the two amine functions). They provide useful curing agents for epoxides and act as improved components of polyamides.
制备式为##STR1##的戊烷-1,5-二胺的过程,其中R1代表各种有机基团,包括可以带有氢氧基、卤素、烷氧基、羧甲氧基、羧基、烷基氨基、环烷基或芳基等取代基的烷基;R2和R3独立地代表氢,或者具有与R1相同的含义,或者一起是未取代或取代了1-5个C1-C4烷基基团的C4-C7烷基链,其包括:(a)在20℃-150℃和15-500巴的酸性异相催化剂的第一反应空间中,用过量氨反应式为##STR2##的γ-氰酮,其中R1、R2和R3具有上述给定的含义;(b)在第二个单独的反应空间中,在过量氨的存在下,在钴、镍或贵金属催化剂的存在下,将所得的反应产物加氢,在50℃-180℃和30-500巴下进行。得到了新的戊烷-1,5-二胺,其中如果R2和R3都是氢,则R1必须至少含有两个碳原子。这些具有两个主要胺基的新化合物具有较低挥发性和更大的不对称性(两个胺基的反应性不同)的优越性质。它们是环氧树脂的有用固化剂,并作为聚酰胺的改进组分。