Polarized ketene dithioacetals. 28. A new general highly stereoselective and regiospecific method for homologation of ketones to .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated esters via .alpha.-oxoketene dithioacetals
3-(1-Piperazinyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-benzo[g]indazoles: high affinity ligands for the human dopamine D4 receptor with improved selectivity over ion channels
摘要:
3-(4-Piperidinyl)-5-arylpyrazole such as 1, were selective for the cloned human dopamine Dq receptor (hD(4)), but also showed affinity at voltage sensitive calcium, sodium and potassium ion channels. A combination of substituent changes to reduce the basicity of the piperidine nitrogen and conformational restriction to give 4,5-dihydro-1H-benzo[g]indazoles reduced this ion channel affinity at the expense of selectivity for hD4 over other dopamine receptors. Incorporation of piperazine into the 4,5-dihydro-1H-benzo[g]indazoles in place of piperidine gave a novel series of high affinity, selective, orally bioavailable hD(4) ligands, such as 16, with improved selectivity over ion channels. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Cyclocondensation of 2-lithiomethylthiazoles and 2-lithiomethylthiazoline with α-oxoketene dithioacetals: synthesis of substituted and annelated thiazolo- and dihydrothiazolo[3,2-a]pyridinium compounds
The oxoketene dithioacetals 1 undergo regioselective 1,2-addition with 2-lithiomethyl-4-methylthiazole (2a) and 2-lithiomethylthiazoline (3) to afford the carbinol acetals 4 which on borontrifluoride etherate assisted cyclization yield the corresponding substituted and annelated 3-methyl-5- methylthiothiazolo[3,2-a.] pyridinium tetrafluoroborates (5a-g, 8a,b,10,12) and the dihydro derivatives (23-25)
A new general synthesis of 3- and 3,4-substituted 4a–q, 3,4-annelated 7a–d and condensed tricyclic 9a–e thiophenes has been developed through Simmons-Smith reaction on the respective α-oxoketene dithioacetals. Extension of the reaction to α-cinnamoylketene dithioacetals 10a–e and its higher enyl analogs 13a–d, 15a–c gave the corresponding 3-styryl 11a–e and 3-di- and trienyl 14a–d, 16a–c thiophenes
Cyclocondensation of α-oxoketene dithioacetals with β-lithioamino-β- substituted acrylonitriles:synthesis of 2,6-substituted and 5,6-annelated 3-cyano-4- (methylthio) pyridines
作者:Arun K. Gupta、Hiriyakkanavar Ila、Hiriyakkanavar Junjappa
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4020(01)81540-4
日期:1990.1
The lithiated β-amino-β-substituted acrylonitriles 4a-d generated in situ by reaction of lithioacetonitrile with either acetonitrile or substituted nitriles undergo cyclocondensation with α-oxoketenedithioacetals through 1,4-addition to afford 2,6-substituted and 5,6-annelated-4-(methylthio)-3-cyanopyridines 6a-m, 11a-h and 12a-b in good yields. A few of the 2,6-diheterylpyridines 6n-q were also synthesized
Theα-oxoketene dithioacetals are shown to undergo conjugate 1,4-reduction in highly regio- and chemoselective manner with sodium borohydride in acetic acid to afford the corresponding β-oxodithioacetals in good yields. These results have been rationalized according to HSAB principle in terms of 'hard soft affinity inversion' concept. The reduction of with sodium cyanoborohydride also proceeds in 1
Cycloaromatization ofα-oxoketene dithioacetals with lithioacetonitrile and lithiopropionitrile: a facile route to substituted and annelated pyridines
作者:Arun K. upta、Hiriyakkanavar Ila、Hiriyakkanavar Junjappa
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4020(01)82036-6
日期:1990.1
1,3-MeS shift in the presence of phosphoric acid to afford a variety of substituted and annelated 2,6-bis(methylthio)pyridines 3 and 4 respectively in good yields. Cyclization of 2 in the presence of bromine and acetic acid yielded the corresponding 2-bromo-6- methylthio-4,5-substituted and annelatedpyridines 9 in good yields. The bis(methylthio) groups in 3 could either be removed with Raney Nickel