ethyl 4-amino-5-methoxy-2-methyl-1-propylindole-3-carboxylate | 360054-24-6

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 吲哚及其衍生物
• 英文名称: ethyl 4-amino-5-methoxy-2-methyl-1-propylindole-3-carboxylate
• CAS: 360054-24-6
• 化学式: C₁₆H₂₂N₂O₃
• 分子量: 290.362
• InChiKey: ODRGFHDXSTUXPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.7
• 重原子数：
  21
• 可旋转键数：
  6
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.44
• 拓扑面积：
  66.5
• 氢给体数：
  1
• 氢受体数：
  4

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  ethyl 4-amino-5-methoxy-2-methyl-1-propylindole-3-carboxylate 在 potassium nitrososulfonate 、 sodium dihydrogen phosphate buffer 作用下， 以 丙酮 为溶剂， 反应 1.0h， 以56%的产率得到5-Methoxy-2-methyl-4,7-dioxo-1-propyl-4,7-dihydro-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Indolequinone Antitumor Agents:  Correlation between Quinone Structure and Rate of Metabolism by Recombinant Human NAD(P)H:Quinone Oxidoreductase. Part 2

  摘要：

  A series of indolequinones bearing various functional groups has been synthesized, and the effects of substituents on the metabolism of the quinones. by recombinant human NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) were studied. Indolequinones were selected for study on the basis of the X-ray crystal structure of the human enzyme, and were designed to probe the effect of substituents particularly at N-1. Metabolism of the quinones. by NQO1 revealed that, in general, compounds with electron-withdrawing groups at the indole 3-position were among the best substrates, and that groups larger than methyl at N-1 are clearly tolerated. Compounds with a leaving group at the 3-indolyl methyl position generally inactivated the enzyme. The toxicity toward human colon carcinoma cells with either no detectable activity (BE-WT) or high NQO1 activity (BE-NQ) was also studied in representative quinones. The most toxic compounds were those with a leaving group at the C-3 position; these compounds were 1.1-5.3-fold more toxic. to the BE-NQ than the BE-WT cells.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jm010884c
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  ethyl 5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-propylindole-3-carboxylate 在 盐酸 、 氢氧化钾 、 tin 、 硝酸 作用下， 以 乙醇 、 水 、 溶剂黄146 、 二甲基亚砜 为溶剂， 反应 6.0h， 生成 ethyl 4-amino-5-methoxy-2-methyl-1-propylindole-3-carboxylate
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Controlling the rates of reductively-activated elimination from the (indol-3-yl)methyl position of indolequinones

  摘要：

  合成了一系列取代的3-(4-硝基苯氧基)甲基吲哚-4,7-二酮（Q）。研究了取代模式对吲哚核心在4-硝基苯酚释放速率上的影响，作为药物释放的模型，药物释放是通过酚醚连接链的断裂发生的。在还原为自由基阴离子（Q˙−）或氢醌（QH2）后，4-硝基苯酚从（吲哚-3-基）甲基位置释放。Q˙−自由基在[O2] ≈ 5 µmol dm−3（典型的肿瘤缺氧环境）下的半衰期为t½ ≈ 0.3–1.8毫秒，较高的半衰期值与较高的还原电位相关。在相同的氧浓度下，QH2的自氧化半衰期明显更长（t½ ≈ 8–102分钟），在存在4 µmol dm−3超氧化物歧化酶的情况下更长（t½ ≈ 8–19小时）。尽管吲哚醌能够以高效率释放4-硝基苯酚，但仅有3-羧基取代的Q˙−自由基具有足够短的半衰期（t½ ≈ 41–2毫秒）以与氧的电子转移竞争，因此具有将离去基团靶向缺氧组织的潜力。即使在正常组织中预期的氧浓度下，氢醌的氧敏感性不足以阻止4-硝基苯酚的释放（t½ ≈ 1.5–3.5秒）。通过在吲哚基甲基位置引入富电子取代基，可以控制还原性碎裂的速率。这可能成为设计基于吲哚醌的生物还原药物递送系统的重要因素。

  DOI：

  10.1039/b009652k

文献信息

• Indolequinone Antitumor Agents:  Correlation between Quinone Structure and Rate of Metabolism by Recombinant Human NAD(P)H:Quinone Oxidoreductase. Part 2
  作者：Elizabeth Swann、Paola Barraja、Ann M. Oberlander、Walter T. Gardipee、Anna R. Hudnott、Howard D. Beall、Christopher J. Moody

  DOI：10.1021/jm010884c

  日期：2001.9.1

  A series of indolequinones bearing various functional groups has been synthesized, and the effects of substituents on the metabolism of the quinones. by recombinant human NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) were studied. Indolequinones were selected for study on the basis of the X-ray crystal structure of the human enzyme, and were designed to probe the effect of substituents particularly at N-1. Metabolism of the quinones. by NQO1 revealed that, in general, compounds with electron-withdrawing groups at the indole 3-position were among the best substrates, and that groups larger than methyl at N-1 are clearly tolerated. Compounds with a leaving group at the 3-indolyl methyl position generally inactivated the enzyme. The toxicity toward human colon carcinoma cells with either no detectable activity (BE-WT) or high NQO1 activity (BE-NQ) was also studied in representative quinones. The most toxic compounds were those with a leaving group at the C-3 position; these compounds were 1.1-5.3-fold more toxic. to the BE-NQ than the BE-WT cells.
• Controlling the rates of reductively-activated elimination from the (indol-3-yl)methyl position of indolequinones
  作者：Steven A. Everett、Matthew A. Naylor、Paola Barraja、Elizabeth Swann、Kantilal B. Patel、Michael R. L. Stratford、Anna R. Hudnott、Borivoj Vojnovic、Rosalind J. Locke、Peter Wardman、Christopher J. Moody

  DOI：10.1039/b009652k

  日期：——

  A series of substituted 3-(4-nitrophenyloxy)methylindole-4,7-diones (Q) were synthesised. The effects of substitution patterns on the indole core on rates of elimination of 4-nitrophenol as a model for drug release following fragmentation of a phenolic ether linker were studied. After reduction to either the radical anion (Q˙−) or hydroquinone (QH2) elimination of 4-nitrophenol occurred from the (indol-3-yl)methyl position. The half-lives of Q˙− radicals at [O2] ≈ 5 µmol dm−3, typical of tumour hypoxia, were t½ ≈ 0.3–1.8 ms, the higher values associated with higher reduction potentials. Half-lives for the autoxidation of the QH2 were markedly longer at the same oxygen concentration (t½ ≈ 8–102 min) and longer still in the presence of 4 µmol dm−3 superoxide dismutase (t½ ≈ 8–19 h). Although the indolequinones were able to eliminate 4-nitrophenol with high efficiency only Q˙− radicals of the 3-carbinyl substituted derivatives did so with sufficiently short half-lives (t½ ≈ 41–2 ms) to compete with electron transfer to oxygen and therefore have the potential to target the leaving group to hypoxic tissue. The hydroquinones are not sufficiently oxygen sensitive to prevent the elimination of 4-nitrophenol (t½ ≈ 1.5–3.5 s) even at oxygen concentrations expected in normal tissue. By incorporating electron rich substituents at the indolyl carbinyl position it is possible to control the rate of reductive fragmentation. This may prove an important factor in the design of an indolequinone-based bioreductive drug delivery system.

  合成了一系列取代的3-(4-硝基苯氧基)甲基吲哚-4,7-二酮（Q）。研究了取代模式对吲哚核心在4-硝基苯酚释放速率上的影响，作为药物释放的模型，药物释放是通过酚醚连接链的断裂发生的。在还原为自由基阴离子（Q˙−）或氢醌（QH2）后，4-硝基苯酚从（吲哚-3-基）甲基位置释放。Q˙−自由基在[O2] ≈ 5 µmol dm−3（典型的肿瘤缺氧环境）下的半衰期为t½ ≈ 0.3–1.8毫秒，较高的半衰期值与较高的还原电位相关。在相同的氧浓度下，QH2的自氧化半衰期明显更长（t½ ≈ 8–102分钟），在存在4 µmol dm−3超氧化物歧化酶的情况下更长（t½ ≈ 8–19小时）。尽管吲哚醌能够以高效率释放4-硝基苯酚，但仅有3-羧基取代的Q˙−自由基具有足够短的半衰期（t½ ≈ 41–2毫秒）以与氧的电子转移竞争，因此具有将离去基团靶向缺氧组织的潜力。即使在正常组织中预期的氧浓度下，氢醌的氧敏感性不足以阻止4-硝基苯酚的释放（t½ ≈ 1.5–3.5秒）。通过在吲哚基甲基位置引入富电子取代基，可以控制还原性碎裂的速率。这可能成为设计基于吲哚醌的生物还原药物递送系统的重要因素。