Regiochemical control of the ring-opening of 1,2-epoxides by means of chelating processes. 2. Synthesis and reactions of the cis- and trans-oxides of 4-[(benzyloxy)methyl]cyclohexene, 3-cyclohexenemethanol, and methyl 3-cyclohexenecarboxylate
摘要:
The synthesis of the diastereoisomeric epoxides cis-1b-d and trans-2b-d and the products of their ring-opening by various nucleophiles are described. The results of the ring-openings of the trans-epoxides 2b-d can be rationalized by combining stereoelectronic and conformational arguments. However, the regioselectivity of the ring-openings of the cis-epoxides 1b-d can, in principle, be influenced by the chelation of a metal ion by the oxygen atom of the epoxy group and that of the substituent on the 4-position. The results of the reactions of the cis-epoxides 1b-d indicate that, to some degree, chelation is indeed a factor. How important a factor it is is dependent both on the reaction conditions and on the concentration and nature of the metal ion. In the ring-openings of the cis-epoxides 1b and 1d, chelation seems to be a larger factor than it is in the ring-openings of cis-epoxide 1c. However, in no case is chelation as large a factor as it was in the ring-openings of the cis-epoxide 1a, which was studied earlier. On the other hand, the autocatalyzed methanolysis, under neutral conditions, of epoxy acid 1e, followed by CH2N2 methylation of the crude product, afforded a mixture of the two regioisomeric hydroxy ethers in which the C-2-type compound predominates. This result suggests that intramolecular hydrogen bonding may determine the reactive conformation of 1e.
Regiochemical control of the ring-opening of 1,2-epoxides by means of chelating processes. 2. Synthesis and reactions of the cis- and trans-oxides of 4-[(benzyloxy)methyl]cyclohexene, 3-cyclohexenemethanol, and methyl 3-cyclohexenecarboxylate
摘要:
The synthesis of the diastereoisomeric epoxides cis-1b-d and trans-2b-d and the products of their ring-opening by various nucleophiles are described. The results of the ring-openings of the trans-epoxides 2b-d can be rationalized by combining stereoelectronic and conformational arguments. However, the regioselectivity of the ring-openings of the cis-epoxides 1b-d can, in principle, be influenced by the chelation of a metal ion by the oxygen atom of the epoxy group and that of the substituent on the 4-position. The results of the reactions of the cis-epoxides 1b-d indicate that, to some degree, chelation is indeed a factor. How important a factor it is is dependent both on the reaction conditions and on the concentration and nature of the metal ion. In the ring-openings of the cis-epoxides 1b and 1d, chelation seems to be a larger factor than it is in the ring-openings of cis-epoxide 1c. However, in no case is chelation as large a factor as it was in the ring-openings of the cis-epoxide 1a, which was studied earlier. On the other hand, the autocatalyzed methanolysis, under neutral conditions, of epoxy acid 1e, followed by CH2N2 methylation of the crude product, afforded a mixture of the two regioisomeric hydroxy ethers in which the C-2-type compound predominates. This result suggests that intramolecular hydrogen bonding may determine the reactive conformation of 1e.
We report the development of a novel synthetic method to access a key intermediate in the synthesis of edoxaban. The main features of the new synthetic method are an improvement in the approach for the synthesis of a key chiral bromolactone, application of an interesting cyclization reaction utilizing neighboring group participation to construct a differentially protected 1,2-cis-diamine, and implementation