A novel series of 2,7-substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid derivatives were synthesized and biologically evaluated. (S)-2-(2-Furylacryloyl)-7-[2-(2-methylindane-2-yl)-5-methyloxazol-4-yl]methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid tert-butylamine salt (13jE) was identified as a potent human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ)-selective agonist (EC50=85 nM) and human protein–tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP-1B) inhibitor (IC50=1.0 µM). Compound 13jE partially activated PPARγ, but not PPARα or PPARδ, and antagonized farglitazar, a full PPARγ agonist. Cmax after the oral administration of 13jE at 10 mg/kg was 28.6 µg/mL (53 µM) in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Repeated administration of 13jE and rosiglitazone for 14 d at 10 mg/kg/d decreased plasma glucose and triglyceride levels significantly in male KK-Ay mice. Rosiglitazone, but not 13jE, significantly increased the plasma volume and liver weight. In conclusion, 13jE showed stronger hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects and weaker hemodilution and hepatotoxic effects than rosiglitazone, suggesting that its safer efficacy may be due to its partial PPARγ agonism and PTP-1B inhibition.
合成了一系列新型的2,7-取代的
1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉-3-羧酸衍
生物,并进行了
生物学评估。化合物(S)-2-(2-
呋喃丙烯酰)-7-[2-(2-甲基印地-2-基)-5-甲基
噁唑-4-基]甲氧基-
1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉-3-羧酸叔丁胺盐(13jE)被鉴定为一种强效的人类
过氧化物酶体增殖物激活因子γ(
PPARγ)选择性激动剂(
EC50=85 nM)和人类蛋白
酪氨酸磷酸酶1B(
PTP-1B)
抑制剂(IC50=1.0 µM)。化合物13jE部分激活
PPARγ,但不激活
PPARα或
PPARδ,并对farglitazar(一种全
PPARγ激动剂)产生拮抗作用。对雄性斯普拉格-道利(
SD)大鼠口服给药13jE 10 mg/kg后,其最大血药浓度(Cmax)为28.6 µg/mL(53 µM)。在雄性KK-Ay小鼠中,重复给药13jE和
罗西格列酮(rosiglitazone)14天,剂量为10 mg/kg/d,显著降低了血浆 glucose 和 triglyceride
水平。
罗西格列酮显著增加了血浆容量和肝脏重量,而13jE则没有。总之,13jE显示出比
罗西格列酮更强的降糖和降脂效果,以及较弱的血容量稀释和肝毒性效应,这表明其更安全的疗效可能归因于其对
PPARγ的部分激动作用和对
PTP-1B的抑制。