Process for the preparation of L(-)-carnitine chloride starting from 3,4-epoxybutyric esters
申请人:ISTITUTO GUIDO DONEGANI S.p.A.
公开号:EP0237080A2
公开(公告)日:1987-09-16
Disclosed is a process for the preparation of the L(-)-carnitine chloride having formula (I):
which comprises:
a) reacting a racemic ester of (R, S)-3, 4-epoxybutyric acid having formula (II);
wherein R represents a C1-C10 alkyl group or a benzyl group, with an enzyme or with a microorganism producing said enzyme, capable of hydrolyzing asymmetrically and in a prevalent way, enantiomer S(-), and separating said enantiomer S(-) according to usual techniques from non-reacted ester (II) which is substantially present in the R(+) form;
b) reacting said ester (II) in its form R(+) or the corresponding chlorohydrin having formula (III), obtained by reaction with hydrochloric acid or with a chlorotrialkylsilane,
with trimenthylamine hydrochloride or with trimethylamine itself, respectively, to obtain an ester having formula (IV):
and,
c) hydrolyzing said ester having formula (IV) in the presence of HCL to obtain L(-)-carnitine chloride having formula (I).
L(-)-carnitine is an eutrophic and cardioprotecting agent for the cure of myocardic ischemia, angina pectoris and myocardium sclerosis.
The R(+) forms of the esters of 3, 4-epoxybutyric acid, obtained in step (a) of the process are intermediate products.
本发明公开了一种具有式 (I) 的 L(-)-氯化肉碱的制备方法:
其中包括
a) 将式(II)的(R,S)-3,4-环氧丁酸的外消旋酯与酶反应;
其中 R 代表 C1-C10 烷基或苄基,与一种酶或产生该酶的微生物反应,该酶能够以不对称和普遍的方式水解对映体 S(-),并根据常规技术将所述对映体 S(-)与基本上以 R(+)形式存在的未反应酯 (II) 分离;
b) 将 R(+) 形式的所述酯 (II) 或通过与盐酸或氯代三烷基硅烷反应得到的具有式 (III) 的相应氯海德林、
分别与盐酸三甲胺或三甲胺本身反应,得到式(IV)的酯:
和
c) 在 HCL 存在下,水解所述具有式 (IV) 的酯,以获得具有式 (I) 的 L(-)- 氯化肉碱。
L(-)-carnitine 是一种营养剂和心脏保护剂,可用于治疗心肌缺血、心绞痛和心肌硬化。
该工艺步骤(a)中获得的 3,4-环氧丁酸酯的 R(+)形式为中间产物。