Phase-Transfer Catalyzed Synthesis of Acetylated Aryl β-D-Glucopyranosides and Aryl β-D-Galactopyranosides
作者:D. Dess、H. P. Kleine、D. V. Weinberg、R. J. Kaufman、R. S. Sidhu
DOI:10.1055/s-1981-29631
日期:——
Phase-transfer-catalyzed synthesis of 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-galactopyranosides
作者:Henry P. Kleine、David V. Weinberg、Robert J. Kaufman、Ravinder S. Sidhu
DOI:10.1016/0008-6215(85)85036-9
日期:1985.10
O-Glycosidation reactions promoted by in situ generated silver N-heterocyclic carbenes in ionic liquids
作者:Ian Jamie Talisman、Vineet Kumar、Jacqueline Razzaghy、Sanjay V. Malhotra
DOI:10.1016/j.carres.2011.03.007
日期:2011.5
We herein report O-glycosidation reactions promoted via silver N-heterocyclic carbene complexes formed in situ in ionic liquids. Seven different room temperature ionic liquids were screened for the glycosidation reaction of 4-nitrophenol with tetra-O-acetyl-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl bromide. Good to excellent yields were obtained using Ag-NHC complexes derived from imidazolium halide salts to promote the glycosidation reaction, whereas yields considered moderate to low were obtained without use of the silver carbene complex. Anion metathesis of the ionic liquids with inexpensive alkylammonium halides also resulted in silver N-heterocyclic carbene formation and subsequent O-glycosidation in the presence of silver carbonate. Effective utility of this methodology has been demonstrated with biologically relevant acceptors (including flavones and steroids) where O-beta-glycoside products were obtained selectively in moderate to good yields. We have also demonstrated that the Ag-NHC complex is a superior promoter to traditionally used silver carbonate for the glycosidation of polyphenolic acceptors. The ionic liquids used in the study could be recycled three times without apparent loss in activity. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Antagonists of the myelin-associated glycoprotein: A new class of tetrasaccharide mimics
作者:Daniel Schwizer、Heiko Gäthje、Soerge Kelm、Michele Porro、Oliver Schwardt、Beat Ernst
DOI:10.1016/j.bmc.2006.03.007
日期:2006.7.15
The tetrasaccharide substructure 1 of the ganglioside GQ1b alpha shows a remarkable affinity for the myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG). In the search for structurally simplified and pharmacokinetically improved mimics of 1, biphenyl was identified as a feasible replacement for the core disaccharide Ga1 beta(1-3)Ga1NAc according to saturation transfer difference (STD) NMR and molecular modeling investigations. Using Suzuki coupling, a convergent synthesis of the mimics was achieved. To optimize the yields of the coupling reactions, the catalytic effects of microwave irradiation and conventional heating were compared. The biological evaluation of mimics 3 and 4 was performed in a competitive target-based assay. It was found that the relative inhibitory potency (rIP) of antagonist 3 was clearly enhanced in comparison to the reference trisaccharide 2, despite the former having a much simpler structure. In addition to the improved synthetic feasibility, an increase of the partition coefficient between octanol and water (log P), and therefore a beneficial change in the pharmacokinetic properties of 3 and 4 was achieved. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Synthesis of carbohydrate functionalised n-propoxy-Calix[4]arenes
作者:Caroline Félix、Hélène Parrot-Lopez、Vitaly Kalchenko、Anthony W. Coleman
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4039(98)02136-4
日期:1998.12
The Suzuki reaction has been used to couple para-bromophenyl glycosides to boronic acid derivatives of n-propoxy-Calix[4]arene; "a one-pot" methodology eliminates the need to isolate the boronic acids and increases the overall yield. The synthesis provides a new class of carbohydrate containing calixarenes with a deepened cavity. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.