Animal studies suggest that two oxidative pathways are involved in milrinone metabolism, albeit only involving a small proportion of the administered dose. The major metabolite is the O-glucuronide metabolite.
参考文献:M Chen, V Vijay, Q Shi, Z Liu, H Fang, W Tong. 用于研究药物诱导肝损伤的FDA批准药物标签,药物发现今日,16(15-16):697-703, 2011. PMID:21624500 DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2011.05.007
M Chen, A Suzuki, S Thakkar, K Yu, C Hu, W Tong. DILIrank:根据药物导致人类肝损伤风险排名的最大参考药物清单。药物发现今日2016, 21(4): 648-653. PMID:26948801 DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2016.02.015
References:M Chen, V Vijay, Q Shi, Z Liu, H Fang, W Tong. FDA-Approved Drug Labeling for the Study of Drug-Induced Liver Injury, Drug Discovery Today, 16(15-16):697-703, 2011. PMID:21624500 DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2011.05.007
M Chen, A Suzuki, S Thakkar, K Yu, C Hu, W Tong. DILIrank: the largest reference drug list ranked by the risk for developing drug-induced liver injury in humans. Drug Discov Today 2016, 21(4): 648-653. PMID:26948801 DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2016.02.015
When administered as an IV bolus dose of 10-100 μg/kg, milrinone induces hemodynamic effects within 60 seconds reaching a peak effect by 2-5 minutes. The plasma AUC is significantly dose-dependent.
Milrinone is primarily excreted in the urine, with 60% of a dose recovered after two hours and 90% within eight hours. Approximately 83% of milrinone recovered in urine is unchanged while 12% is present as the main O-glucuronide metabolite.
Milrinone administered intravenously to congestive heart failure patients had a volume of distribution of 0.38 L/kg (injections between 12.5-125 μg/kg) and 0.45 L/kg (infusions between 0.2-0.7 μg/kg/min.
Milrinone administered intravenously to congestive heart failure patients had a clearance of 0.13 L/kg/hr (injections between 12.5-125 μg/kg) and 0.14 L/kg/hr (infusions between 0.2-0.7 μg/kg/min.
Metal-, Photocatalyst-, and Light-Free Minisci C–H Alkylation of <i>N</i>-Heteroarenes with Oxalates
作者:Jianyang Dong、Zhen Wang、Xiaochen Wang、Hongjian Song、Yuxiu Liu、Qingmin Wang
DOI:10.1021/acs.joc.9b00972
日期:2019.6.7
for metal-, photocatalyst-, and light-freeMinisciC–Halkylation reactions of N-heteroarenes with alkyl oxalates derived from primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols. The protocol uses environmentally benign persulfate as a stoichiometric oxidant and does not require high temperatures or large excesses of either of the substrates, making the procedure suitable for late-stage C–Halkylation of complex
[EN] METHYL OXAZOLE OREXIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS<br/>[FR] MÉTHYLOXAZOLES ANTAGONISTES DU RÉCEPTEUR DE L'OREXINE
申请人:MERCK SHARP & DOHME
公开号:WO2016089721A1
公开(公告)日:2016-06-09
The present invention is directed to methyl oxazole compounds which are antagonists of orexin receptors. The present invention is also directed to uses of the compounds described herein in the potential treatment or prevention of neurological and psychiatric disorders and diseases in which orexin receptors are involved. The present invention is also directed to compositions comprising these compounds. The present invention is also directed to uses of these compositions in the potential prevention or treatment of such diseases in which orexin receptors are involved.
METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION OF (4S)-4-(4-CYANO-2-METHOXYPHENYL)-5-ETHOXY-2,8-DIMETHYL-1,4-DIHYDRO-1-6-NAPHTHYRIDINE-3-CARBOXAMIDE AND THE PURIFICATION THEREOF FOR USE AS AN ACTIVE PHARMACEUTICAL INGREDIENT
申请人:BAYER PHARMA AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT
公开号:US20180244670A1
公开(公告)日:2018-08-30
The present invention relates to a novel and improved process for preparing (4S)-4-(4-cyano-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-ethoxy-2,8-dimethyl-1,4-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide of the formula (I)
Carbon-linked substituted piperidines and derivatives thereof useful as histamine H3 antagonists
申请人:Aslanian G. Robert
公开号:US20070010513A1
公开(公告)日:2007-01-11
Disclosed are compounds of the formula
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:
M
1
and M
3
are CH or N;
M
2
is CH, CF or N;
Y is —C(═O)—, —C(═S)—, —(CH
2
)
q
—, —C(═NOR
7
)— or —SO
1-2
—; Z is a bond or optionally substituted alkylene or alkenylene;
R
1
is H, alkyl, alkenyl, or optionally substituted cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl or a group of the formula:
where ring A is a monoheteroaryl ring;
R
1
is optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl or heterocycloalkyl; and the remaining variables are as defined in the specification; compositions and methods of treating allergy-induced airway responses, congestion, obesity, metabolic syndrome nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatic steatosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatacellular carcinoma or cognition deficit disorders using said compounds, alone or in combination with other agents.
Phenoxypiperidines and analogs thereof useful as histamine H3 antagonists
申请人:Mutahi W. Mwangi
公开号:US20070167435A1
公开(公告)日:2007-07-19
Disclosed are compounds of the formula
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, wherein: M is CH or N; U and W are each CH, or one of U and W is CH and the other is N;
X is a bond, alkylene, —C(O)—, —C(N—OR
5
)—, —C(N—OR
5
)—CH(R
6
)—, —CH(R
6
)—C(N—OR
5
)—, —O—, —OCH
2
—, —CH
2
O— or —S(O)
0-2
—;
Y is —O—, —(CH
2
)
2
—, —C(═O)—, —C(═NOR
7
)— or —SO
0-2
—; Z is a bond, optionally substituted alkylene or alkylene interrupted by a heteroatom or heterocyclic group;
R
1
is optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, or benzimidazolyl or a derivative thereof;
R
2
is optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, cycloalkyl or heterocycloalkyl; and the remaining variables are as defined in the specification; compositions and methods for treating an allergy-induced airway response, congestion, diabetes, obesity, an obesity-related disorder, metabolic syndrome and a cognition deficit disorder using said compounds, alone or in combination with other agents.