Polyol is recovered from polyurethane based polyurethane foam by a process which includes first dissolving the foam in a saturated alcohol, preferably diethylene glycol, having a boiling point between about 225°C and 280°C at a temperature between about 185°C and 220°C under a non-oxidizing atmosphere. The solution is reacted with water in the presence of an alkali hydroxide catalyst, preferably sodium hydroxide, under a non-oxiding atmosphere, such as nitrogen. This may be done by refluxing the solution at a temperature between 175°C and 220°C until all the carbamates produced during dissolution have been hydrolyzed to amines and alcohol. Water remaining in solution after hydrolysis is removed. A high boiling alkane is used to extract the polyol from the solution still under a non-oxidizing atmosphere and then the extracted polyol is subjected to vacuum purification at a temperature of less than about 230°C. Substantially pure polyol is recovered which can be used to make new foam.
从聚
氨酯基聚
氨酯泡沫中回收多元醇的工艺包括首先将泡沫溶解在饱和醇(最好是
二甘醇)中,饱和醇的沸点在约 225°C 至 280°C 之间,温度在约 185°C 至 220°C 之间,在非氧化气氛下进行。在非氧化气氛(如氮气)下,在碱氢氧化物催化剂(最好是
氢氧化钠)存在下,溶液与
水反应。可将溶液在 175°C 至 220°C 的温度下回流,直到溶解过程中产生的
氨基甲酸酯全部
水解为胺和醇。
水解后残留在溶液中的
水被除去。使用高沸点
烷烃在非氧化气氛下从溶液中提取多元醇,然后在低于约 230°C 的温度下对提取的多元醇进行真空提纯。回收的多元醇纯度很高,可用于制造新的泡沫塑料。