Crystallographic Investigation and Selective Inhibition of Mutant Isocitrate Dehydrogenase
摘要:
Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), a key enzyme in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, have recently been found in similar to 75% glioma and similar to 20% acute myeloid leukemia. Different from the wild-type enzyme, mutant IDH1 catalyzes the reduction of alpha-ketoglutaric acid to D-2-hydroxyglutaric acid. Strong evidence has shown mutant IDH1 represents a novel target for this type of cancer. We found two 1-hydroxypyridin-2-one compounds that are potent inhibitors of R132H and R132C mutants with K-i values as low as 120 nM. These compounds exhibit >60-fold selectivity against wild-type IDH1 and can inhibit the production of D-2-hydroxyglutaric acid in IDH1 mutated cells, representing novel chemical Probes for cancer biology studies. We also report the first inhibitor-bound crystal structures of IDH1(R132H), showing these inhibitors have H-bond, electrostatic, and hydrophobic interactions with the mutant enzyme. Comparison with the substrate-bound IDH1 structures revealed the structural basis for the high enzyme selectivity of these compounds.
Crystallographic Investigation and Selective Inhibition of Mutant Isocitrate Dehydrogenase
摘要:
Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), a key enzyme in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, have recently been found in similar to 75% glioma and similar to 20% acute myeloid leukemia. Different from the wild-type enzyme, mutant IDH1 catalyzes the reduction of alpha-ketoglutaric acid to D-2-hydroxyglutaric acid. Strong evidence has shown mutant IDH1 represents a novel target for this type of cancer. We found two 1-hydroxypyridin-2-one compounds that are potent inhibitors of R132H and R132C mutants with K-i values as low as 120 nM. These compounds exhibit >60-fold selectivity against wild-type IDH1 and can inhibit the production of D-2-hydroxyglutaric acid in IDH1 mutated cells, representing novel chemical Probes for cancer biology studies. We also report the first inhibitor-bound crystal structures of IDH1(R132H), showing these inhibitors have H-bond, electrostatic, and hydrophobic interactions with the mutant enzyme. Comparison with the substrate-bound IDH1 structures revealed the structural basis for the high enzyme selectivity of these compounds.
The palladiumcatalysedcoupling reaction of the tinmaskeddienolate (2) with organic halides takes place at the position substituted by thin, thereby providing a new method for C–C bondformation at the γ-position of dienolates.
Stabilization and activation of dienolates with germanium and tin. Stereo- and regioselective aldol reactions, regioselective coupling reactions, and regioselective synthesis of amino acid derivatives