已成功开发出一种有效的多相钯-多金属氧酸盐钯-H 6 PV 3 Mo 9 O 40 / C催化剂,用于通过碳-氢(CH)活化和碳-氮(CN)形成碳-碳(CC)键通过使用氧作为末端氧化剂的氧化胺化形成键。偶联过程很简单,并且使用相对温和的条件来形成所需的产物。此外,由于不需要其他试剂(例如有机/无机氧化剂),因此产生的废物更少,并且水是唯一产生的副产物。
TPGS-750-M: A Second-Generation Amphiphile for Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Couplings in Water at Room Temperature
作者:Bruce H. Lipshutz、Subir Ghorai、Alexander R. Abela、Ralph Moser、Takashi Nishikata、Christophe Duplais、Arkady Krasovskiy、Ricky D. Gaston、Robert C. Gadwood
DOI:10.1021/jo101974u
日期:2011.6.3
prepared as an effective nanomicelle-forming species for general use in metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions in water. Several “name” reactions, including Heck, Suzuki−Miyaura, Sonogashira, and Negishi-like couplings, have been studied using this technology, as have aminations, C−H activations, and olefin metathesis reactions. Physical data in the form of DLS and cryo-TEM measurements suggest that
In one embodiment, the present application discloses mixtures comprising (a) water in an amount of at least 1% wt/wt of the mixture; (b) a transition metal catalyst; and (c) one or more solubilizing agents; and methods for using such mixtures for performing transition metal mediated bond formation reactions.
In one embodiment, the present application discloses mixtures comprising (a) water in an amount of at least 1% wt/wt of the mixture; (b) a transition metal catalyst; and (c) one or more solubilizing agents; and methods for using such mixtures for performing transition metal mediated bond formation reactions.
Transition-metal-catalyzed aromatic olefination through directC–H activation represents an atom and step-economic route for versatile pharmaceutical syntheses, and in many cases, different stoichiometric oxidants are frequently employed for achieving a reasonable catalytic efficiency of the transition metal ions. Herein, we report a Lewis acid promotedPd(II)-catalyzed acetanilide olefination reaction with atmospheric
通过直接 C-H 活化的过渡金属催化芳烃烯化代表了一种用于多功能药物合成的原子和步骤经济路线,并且在许多情况下,经常使用不同化学计量的氧化剂来实现过渡金属离子的合理催化效率。在此,我们报道了路易斯酸促进的 Pd( II ) 催化的乙酰苯胺烯化反应,以大气分子氧为氧化剂源。路易斯酸通过二乙酸酯桥与 Pd( II ) 物质连接显着提高了其催化效率,并且对烯化步骤的独立动力学研究表明,添加路易斯酸显着加速了烯化速率以及 C-H 活化步。 Pd( II )盐中内部碱的强碱性也可能通过碱辅助的β-氢化物消除有利于烯化反应。
Ruthenium-Catalyzed Oxidative C–H Alkenylations of Anilides and Benzamides in Water
作者:Lutz Ackermann、Lianhui Wang、Ratnakancana Wolfram、Alexander V. Lygin
DOI:10.1021/ol203251s
日期:2012.2.3
A cationic ruthenium(II) complex enabled efficient oxidative alkenylations of anilides in water as a green solvent and proved applicable to double C-H bond functionalizations of (hetero)aromatic amides with ample scope. Detailed studies provided strong support for a change of ruthenation mechanism in the two transformations, with an irreversible metalation as the key step in cross-dehydrogenative alkenylations of benzamides.