作者:Veronica L. Li、Yang He、Kévin Contrepois、Hailan Liu、Joon T. Kim、Amanda L. Wiggenhorn、Julia T. Tanzo、Alan Sheng-Hwa Tung、Xuchao Lyu、Peter-James H. Zushin、Robert S. Jansen、Basil Michael、Kang Yong Loh、Andrew C. Yang、Christian S. Carl、Christian T. Voldstedlund、Wei Wei、Stephanie M. Terrell、Benjamin C. Moeller、Rick M. Arthur、Gareth A. Wallis、Koen van de Wetering、Andreas Stahl、Bente Kiens、Erik A. Richter、Steven M. Banik、Michael P. Snyder、Yong Xu、Jonathan Z. Long
DOI:10.1038/s41586-022-04828-5
日期:2022.6.23
Exercise confers protection against obesity, typeâ2 diabetes and other cardiometabolic diseases1â5. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms that mediate the metabolic benefits of physical activity remain unclear6. Here we show that exercise stimulates the production of N-lactoyl-phenylalanine (Lac-Phe), a blood-borne signalling metabolite that suppresses feeding and obesity. The biosynthesis of Lac-Phe from lactate and phenylalanine occurs in CNDP2+ cells, including macrophages, monocytes and other immune and epithelial cells localized to diverse organs. In diet-induced obese mice, pharmacological-mediated increases in Lac-Phe reduces food intake without affecting movement or energy expenditure. Chronic administration of Lac-Phe decreases adiposity and body weight and improves glucose homeostasis. Conversely, genetic ablation of Lac-Phe biosynthesis in mice increases food intake and obesity following exercise training. Last, large activity-inducible increases in circulating Lac-Phe are also observed in humans and racehorses, establishing this metabolite as a molecular effector associated with physical activity across multiple activity modalities and mammalian species. These data define a conserved exercise-inducible metabolite that controls food intake and influences systemic energy balance. A newly identified exercise-induced signalling metaboliteâan amidated conjugate of lactate and phenylalanineâcan reduce food intake and improve blood glucose homeostasis.
锻炼可以预防肥胖、2型糖尿病和其他心脏代谢疾病1-5。然而,运动对代谢有益的分子和细胞机制尚不清楚6。我们在此证明,运动可以刺激N-乳酰-苯丙氨酸(Lac-Phe)的产生,这是一种抑制进食和肥胖的血运信号代谢产物。Lac-Phe由乳酸和苯丙氨酸在CNDP2+细胞中生物合成,包括巨噬细胞、单核细胞和其他免疫和上皮细胞,这些细胞位于不同的器官中。在饮食诱导的肥胖小鼠中,Lac-Phe的药理介导的增加可以减少食物摄入,而不会影响运动或能量消耗。长期服用Lac-Phe可以减少肥胖和体重,改善血糖平衡。相反,小鼠Lac-Phe生物合成的基因缺失会增加食物摄入,并在运动训练后增加肥胖。最后,在人类和赛马中也观察到了循环Lac-Phe的大量活动诱导性增加,这表明这种代谢产物是与多种活动方式和哺乳动物物种相关的物理活动的分子效应器。这些数据定义了一种保守的运动诱导性代谢产物,可以控制食物摄入并影响全身能量平衡。一种新发现的运动诱导的信号代谢产物——乳酸和苯丙氨酸的酰胺结合物——可以减少食物摄入并改善血糖平衡。