C n F 2 n +1(VDF)x –(CH 2)p –的合成 其中n = 2,4; x = 2、3、4; p = 0、1、2和VDF以及 分别代表偏二氟乙烯(VDF)和I,OH或CO 2 H的代表。首先,在各种实验条件下研究了VDF与C n F 2 n +1 –I自由基端粒化以直接形成低分子量端粒的过程:引发剂,温度和溶剂有利于C n F 2 n +1(VDF的形成) )x I.在任何实验条件下,均观察到•C n F 2 n +1的区域选择性自由基加成自由基到VDF的亚甲基位置上。然后,在过氧化物引发剂的存在下,将这些VDF端粒进行乙烯化,同时对含VDF的碘化物反应物进行定量转化。R F(VDF)x C 2 H 4 I变成R F(VDF)C 2 H 4 OH的化学变化分为两个步骤:(i)由DMF /水的混合物(其含量为6/1导致最佳条件);(ii)随后是碱性介质,以将R F(VDF)x
C n F 2 n +1(VDF)x –(CH 2)p –的合成 其中n = 2,4; x = 2、3、4; p = 0、1、2和VDF以及 分别代表偏二氟乙烯(VDF)和I,OH或CO 2 H的代表。首先,在各种实验条件下研究了VDF与C n F 2 n +1 –I自由基端粒化以直接形成低分子量端粒的过程:引发剂,温度和溶剂有利于C n F 2 n +1(VDF的形成) )x I.在任何实验条件下,均观察到•C n F 2 n +1的区域选择性自由基加成自由基到VDF的亚甲基位置上。然后,在过氧化物引发剂的存在下,将这些VDF端粒进行乙烯化,同时对含VDF的碘化物反应物进行定量转化。R F(VDF)x C 2 H 4 I变成R F(VDF)C 2 H 4 OH的化学变化分为两个步骤:(i)由DMF /水的混合物(其含量为6/1导致最佳条件);(ii)随后是碱性介质,以将R F(VDF)x
Fluoroalkyl silanes are a class of compounds useful for various industrial purposes. For example, fluoroalkyl silanes which have hydrolysable groups (called hydrolysable fluoroalkyl silanes), are compounds useful as surface treatment agents which provide durable hydrophobic and oleophobic coatings. In general, hydrolysable fluoroalkyl silanes can be represented with the following formula: (RO—)
3
Si—R
T
wherein R is H or an alkyl; and R
T
is a monovalent organic compound terminated by a perfluoroalkyl group. When used to coat a surface, the (RO—)
3
moiety reacts (via hydrolysis) with various chemical groups of the surface (e.g., hydroxyl, amine, or other reactive groups) thereby bonding the fluoroalkyl silane to the surface The R
T
moiety comprises a divalent organic linking group which links the silicon atom to a terminal group rich in fluorine atoms whose unique electronic properties impart desirable hydrophobic and oleophobic properties in a surface coating. Modification of the R
T
moiety is useful in the engineering of fluoroalkyl silanes. The present invention provides for fluoroalkyl silanes having R
T
moieties which have not been heretofore considered.
Surfactants of formula (I)
wherein
each R is independently hydrogen or a C1 to C4 alkyl group;
A is independently hydrogen or —C(O)—O—B;
Ro is a linear, branched or cyclic aliphatic group, or combination thereof, having from about 2 to about 100 carbon atoms, interrupted or substituted by 1 to about 50 hydrophilic groups, said hydrophilic groups selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, amino, ether and mixtures thereof; wherein specific ratios of and bonding of hydrophilic groups to carbon atoms is required;
each B is independently of specific formulae containing perfluoroalkyl and —S(CH2)t—, and m, d, n, and t are 0 or integers with specific limitations.
A compound comprising Formula 5
R
f
OCFHCF
2
O(CH
2
CH
2
O)
v
—H Formula 5
wherein
R
f
is C
c
F
(2c+1)
;
c is 2 to about 6; and
v is 2 to about 4;
and a process for its preparation comprising contacting a compound of Formula 6
R
f
—O—CF═CF
2
Formula 6
wherein R
f
is C
c
F
(2c+1)
, and c is 2 to about 6, with a compound of Formula 7
HO—(CH
2
CH
2
O)
v
—H Formula 7
wherein v is 2 to about 4.
A compound comprising Formula 2A, 2B, or 2C
(R
a
—O—CO—)
2
Y Formula 2A
R
a
—O—CO—Y—CO—O—(CH
2
CH
2
)R
f
Formula 2B
R
a
—O—CO—Y—CO—O—R Formula 2C
wherein
R
a
is the group (i) R
f
(CH
2
CF
2
)
d
—(C
g
H
2g
)—; (ii) R
f
OCF
2
CF
2
—(C
g
H
2g
)—; (iii) R
f
OCFHCF
2
O(CH
2
CH
2
O)
v
—(C
g
H
2g
)—; (iv) R
f
OCFHCF
2
O(C
w
H
2w
)—; (v) R
f
OCF(CF
3
)CONH—(C
g
H
2g
)—; or (vi) R
f
(CH
2
)
h
[(CF
2
CF
2
)
i
(CH
2
CH
2
)
j
]
k
;
each R
f
is independently C
c
F
(2c+1)
; c is 2 to about 6; d is 1 to about 3; g is 1 to 4; v is 1 to about 4; w is from about 3 to about 12; h is 1 to about 6; i, j, and k are each independently 1, 2, or 3, or a mixture thereof; provided that the total number of carbon atoms in group (vi) is from about 8 to about 22;
Y is a linear or branched diradical having olefinic unsaturation of the formula
—C
e
H
(2e−2)
—
wherein e is 2 or 3;
R is H or a linear or branched alkyl group C
b
H
(2b+1)
—; and
b is from 1 to about 18.
一种化合物,包括Formula 2A,2B或2C(Ra—O—CO—)2Y,其中:
Formula 2A:Ra—O—CO—Y—CO—O—(CH2CH2)Rf
Formula 2B:Ra—O—CO—Y—CO—O—R
Formula 2C
其中:
Ra是基团(i) Rf(CH2CF2)d—(CgH2g)—;(ii) RfOCF2CF2—(CgH2g)—;(iii) RfOCFHCF2O(CH2CH2O)v—(CgH2g)—;(iv) RfOCFHCF2O(CwH2w)—;(v) RfOCF(CF3)CONH—(CgH2g)—;或(vi) Rf(CH2)h[(CF2CF2)i(CH2CH2)j]k;每个Rf独立地为CcF(2c+1);c为2至约6;d为1至约3;g为1至4;v为1至约4;w为约3至约12;h为1至约6;i、j和k每个独立地为1、2或3,或它们的混合;但vi中的碳原子总数约为8至约22;Y是具有烯烃不饱和度的线性或支链二元基,其化学式为—CeH(2e−2)—,其中e为2或3;R为H或线性或支链烷基CbH(2b+1)—;b为1至约18。
Fluoropolymer emulsions
申请人:Wang Ying
公开号:US20090030114A1
公开(公告)日:2009-01-29
A core-shell emulsion polymer comprising
A) a core composition comprising components (a) and (b):
(a) from about 40 to about 95% of styrene, alkyl substituted styrene, or alkyl (meth)acrylate; and
(b) from about 5 to about 60% of vinylidene chloride, vinyl chloride, or combinations thereof; and
B) a shell composition components (c) and (d):
(c) from about 50 to about 85% of
(I) R
f
1
(CH
2
)
m
Z-C(O)—C(R
1
)═CH
2
(II) R
f
2
(CH
2
CF
2
)
q
(CH
2
CH
2
)
r
Z-C(O)—C(R
1
)═CH
2
, or
(III) R
f
3
O(CF
2
CF
2
)
q
(CH
2
CH
2
)
r
Z-C(O)—C(R
1
)═CH
2
wherein
R
1
is hydrogen, Cl, F or CH
3
;
Z is —O—, —NH— or —S—;
R
f
1
and R
f
2
are each a C
4
or C
6
perfluoroalkyl; and
R
f
3
is a C
2
to C
7
perfluoroalkyl optionally interrupted by one to three ether oxygens; and
(d) from about 15 to about 50% of styrene, alkyl substituted styrene, or alkyl (meth)acrylate,
provided that i) the core composition comprises from about 20 to about 75% of the polymer; ii) when R
f
1
or R
f
2
has 4 carbons, R
1
is CH
3
; and iii) when R
f
3
has 2 or 3 carbons, R
1
is CH
3
.