申请人:——
公开号:US20030134959A1
公开(公告)日:2003-07-17
This invention involves a series of articles, dispersions, compositions, methods, and kits. Several aspects of the invention involve dispersed particles made from polymers having a delocalized &pgr;-orbital backbone structure, as well as methods for making and using such particles. The delocalized &pgr;-orbital backbone allows the polymer to have a high degree of luminosity, useful in many embodiments of the invention. The polymers of this invention can also have bulky substituents to prevent intermolecular &pgr;-&pgr; interactions that can decrease luminosity. The polymer may also have charged side chains immobilized relative to the backbone, which can allow the polymer to be made into stably suspended micro- or nanoparticles dispersed in solution, sometimes with very narrow size distributions. In some embodiments, depending on the conditions used to synthesize and prepare the particles, the particles each consist of a single polymer molecule. Side groups, including biological, biochemical, or chemical molecules, can be attached to the polymer to provide additional functions, such as altering the luminosity of the polymer, or allowing the polymer to bind to certain molecules, such as in a chemical sensor or in a biological assay. As the binding of a molecule to a side group on the polymer can affect the structure of the polymer or alter the luminosity of the particle, the particles of the invention may be used, in certain embodiments, to detect the presence of single molecules.
本发明涉及一系列物品、分散体、组合物、方法和试剂盒。本发明的几个方面涉及由具有去局域化骨架结构的聚合物制成的分散微粒,以及制造和使用这种微粒的方法。分散的&pgr;-轨道骨架使聚合物具有很高的发光度,这在本发明的许多实施方案中都很有用。本发明的聚合物还可以具有笨重的取代基,以防止分子间的&pgr;-&pgr;相互作用降低发光度。聚合物还可以具有相对于骨架固定的带电侧链,这样可以将聚合物制成稳定悬浮的微颗粒或纳米颗粒,分散在溶液中,有时粒度分布非常窄。在某些实施方案中,根据合成和制备微粒的条件,微粒由单个聚合物分子组成。侧基(包括生物、生化或化学分子)可附着在聚合物上,以提供额外的功能,如改变聚合物的光度,或允许聚合物与某些分子结合,如在化学传感器或生物检测中。由于分子与聚合物上的侧基结合会影响聚合物的结构或改变颗粒的光度,因此在某些实施例中,本发明的颗粒可用于检测单个分子的存在。