The Ireland ester enolate Claisen rearrangement gives rise to Z-trisubstituted alkenes via heteroatom mediated substrate pre-organization prior to rearrangement.
A Chelation-Controlled Ester Enolate Claisen Rearrangement
摘要:
The Ireland ester enolate Claisen rearrangement gives rise to Z-trisubstituted alkenes due to heteroatom-enforced control over the conformation of the transition state. An oxygen-bearing functional group at the tertiary carbinol center, which can coordinate to the enolate metal via a seven-membered chelated transition state, provides the control element to explain the selectivity. alpha,beta-Disubstituted unsaturated carboxylic acids are also formed with high diastereoselectivity.
2,4-Diaminoquinazolines for Spinal Muscular Atrophy
申请人:Singh Jasbir
公开号:US20110112118A1
公开(公告)日:2011-05-12
2,4-Diaminoquinazolines of formulae I-IV and VI
are useful for treating spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).
公式I-IV和VI的2,4-二氨基喹唑啉化合物可用于治疗脊髓性肌萎缩症(SMA)。
Block copolymer and use thereof
申请人:Masui Kentaro
公开号:US20070281195A1
公开(公告)日:2007-12-06
A polymer electrolyte satisfying both of proton conductivity and chemical stability such as water resistance at a high level that is preferable as the polymer electrolyte for fuel cells and the like is provided. The invention includes a block copolymer comprising one or more segments having an ion exchange group and one or more segments having substantially no ion exchange group, wherein at least one of the segments having an ion exchange groupis the segment represented by the following general formula (1A), (1B) or (1C):
and the segment has ion exchange group density of 4.0 meq/g or more, and the segments having substantially no ion exchange groupis the segment represented by the following general formula (2):
Polyelectrolyte Material, Polyelectrolyte Component, Membrane Electrode Composite Body, and Polyelectrolyte Type Fuel Cell
申请人:Izuhara Daisuke
公开号:US20080075999A1
公开(公告)日:2008-03-27
The present invention is to provide a polymer electrolyte material realizing excellent proton conductivity even when it comes into direct contact with liquid fuel at high temperature and high concentration, and excellent fuel barrier property and mechanical strength, as well as to provide a polymer electrolyte fuel cell of high efficiency. A polymer electrolyte material of the present invention is characterized in that fraction Rw of non-freezing water shown by the equation (S1) below is 75 to 100% by weight, and an ionic group is included, in a moisture state taken out after 12-hour immersion in 1 to 30% by weight methanol aqueous solution at 40 to 80° C. and then 24-hour immersion in pure water at 20°:
Rw=[Wnf
/(
Wfc+Wnf
)]×100 (S1)
(wherein, Wnf represents an amount of non-freezing water per 1 g of dry weight of polymer electrolyte material, Wfc represents an amount of lower-melting point water per 1 g of dry weight of polymer electrolyte material). A polymer electrolyte part of the present invention is characterized by being made from such a polymer electrolyte material, a membrane electrode assembly of the present invention is characterized by being made from such a polymer electrolyte part, and a polymer electrolyte fuel cell of the present invention is formed by using by being made from such a membrane electrode assembly.