Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of a Novel Series of Indole Sulfonamide Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor (PPAR) α/γ/δ Triple Activators: Discovery of Lanifibranor, a New Antifibrotic Clinical Candidate
摘要:
Here, we describe the identification and synthesis of novel indole sulfonamide derivatives that activate the three peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) isoforms. Starting with a PPAR alpha activator, compound 4, identified during a high throughput screening (HTS) of our proprietary screening library, a systematic optimization led to the discovery of lanifibranor (IVA337) 5, a moderately potent and well balanced pan PPAR agonist with an excellent safety profile. In vitro and in vivo, compound 5 demonstrated strong activity in models that are relevant to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) pathophysiology suggesting therapeutic potential for NASH patients.
A New Base Mediated Method for the Cleavage of tert-Butyl Esters
作者:Soumendu Paul、Richard R. Schmidt
DOI:10.1055/s-2002-32583
日期:——
A new method for the cleavage of tert-butyl esters with NaH in DMF is described.
一种在DMF中用NaH裂解叔丁酯的新方法被描述。
Migratory Hydrogenation of Terminal Alkynes by Base/Cobalt Relay Catalysis
作者:Xufang Liu、Bingxue Liu、Qiang Liu
DOI:10.1002/anie.201916014
日期:2020.4.20
an analogous protocol for alkyne substrates is yet to be developed. Herein, a base and cobalt relay catalytic process for the selective synthesis of (Z)-2-alkenes and conjugated E alkenes by migratory hydrogenation of terminalalkynes is disclosed. Mechanistic studies support a relay catalytic process involving a sequential base-catalyzed isomerization of terminalalkynes and cobalt-catalyzed hydrogenation
Compounds of formula (IIa):
are provided where:
X is a group capable of being cleaved from the α-carbon atom to form an ion of formula (I')
C is a carbon atom bearing a single positive charge or a single negative charge;
The invention further provides compounds of formula (IIb):
where:
X is a counter-ion to C.
The compounds of formula (IIa) and (IIb) may form ions of formula (I') by either cleaving the C-X bond between X and the α-carbon atoms in the case of the compounds of formula (IIa) or dissociating X in the case of compounds of formula (IIb).
Reactive trityl derivatives: stabilised carbocation mass-tags for life sciences applications
作者:Alexey V. Ustinov、Vadim V. Shmanai、Kaajal Patel、Irina A. Stepanova、Igor A. Prokhorenko、Irina V. Astakhova、Andrei D. Malakhov、Mikhail V. Skorobogatyi、Pablo L. Bernad、Safraz Khan、Mona Shahgholi、Edwin M. Southern、Vladimir A. Korshun、Mikhail S. Shchepinov
DOI:10.1039/b810600b
日期:——
The rational design of novel triarylmethyl (trityl)-based mass tags (MT) for mass-spectrometric (MS) applications is described. We propose a "pK(R+) rule" to correlate the stability of trityl carbocations with their MS performance: trityls with higher pK(R+) values ionise and desorb better. Trityl blocks were synthesised that have high pK(R+) values and are stable in conditions of MS analysis; these
The reaction between carboxylic acids (RCOOH) and dialkyl dicarbonates [(R 1 OCO) 2 O], in the presence of a weak Lewis acid such as magnesium chloride and the corresponding alcohol (R 1 OH) as the solvent, leads to the esters RCOOR 1 in excellent yields. The mechanism involves a double addition of the acid to the dicarbonate, affording a carboxylic anhydride [(RCO) 2 O], R 1 OH and carbon dioxide