Hepatoselectivity of statins: Design and synthesis of 4-sulfamoyl pyrroles as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
摘要:
4-Sulfamoyl pyrroles were designed as novel hepatoselective HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) to reduce myalgia, a statin-induced adverse effect. The compounds were prepared via a [3 + 2] cycloaddition of a Munchnone with a sulfonamide-substituted alkyne. We identified compounds with greater selectivity for hepatocytes compared to L6-myocytes than rosuvastatin and atorvastatin. There was an inverse correlation of myocyte potencies and ClogP values. A number of analogs were effective at reducing cholesterol in acute and chronic in vivo models but they lacked sufficient chronic in vivo activity to warrant further development. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
New antifilarial agents. 1. Epoxy sulfonamides and ethynesulfonamides
摘要:
Two series of 2-substituted 1,2-epoxyethanesulfonamides 2 and ethynesulfonamides 5 were synthesized and evaluated for their antifilarial activity. The trans epoxides 2T were stereospecifically prepared by a Darzens reaction between aldehydes and halomethanesulfonamides. The cis isomers 2c were obtained from ethynesulfonamides 5 by semihydrogenation followed by KOCl epoxidation. 2-Substituted ethynesulfonamides 5 were synthesized from appropriate trans-ethenesulfonamides by a bromination/dehydrobromination sequence. These products, as well as several synthetic intermediates, were evaluated for antifilarial activity against Molinema dessetae either in vivo in its natural host, the rodent Proechimys oris, or in vitro by a new test using cultures of the infective larvae. Most of the epoxides 2T and acetylenic derivatives 5 bearing a 2-aryl substituent were active in vitro. Among these compounds, four epoxides 2T and one acetylenic derivative 5 showed marked macrofilaricidal activity in vivo without any microfilaricidal activity. The differences between the in vivo and in vitro results may be due, in part, to the low chemical stability of the epoxy sulfonamides 2T. Despite this limitation, the activities observed in this reliable animal model suggest further development and testing of both series 2T and 5 as macrofilaricides.
Photoredox-Catalyzed Generation of Sulfamyl Radicals: Sulfonamidation of Enol Silyl Ether with Chlorosulfonamide
作者:Qiyu Luo、Runyu Mao、Yan Zhu、Yonghui Wang
DOI:10.1021/acs.joc.9b02062
日期:2019.11.1
A novel and practical photoredox-catalyzed generation of sulfamyl radicals followed by radical sulfonamidation of enolsilylether has been described. Diverse functionalized β-ketosulfonamides were prepared in modest to excellent yields under mild and economic reaction conditions through the present catalytic protocol. Furthermore, the methodology developed provides an efficient and convenient approach