Water-soluble calixarenes as new inverse phase-transfer catalysts. Their application to aldol-type condensation and Michael addition reactions in water
                                
                                    
                                        作者:Shoichi Shimizu、Seiji Shirakawa、Takashi Suzuki、Yasuyuki Sasaki                                    
                                    
                                        DOI:10.1016/s0040-4020(01)00572-5
                                    
                                    
                                        日期:2001.7
                                    
                                    Aldol-type condensation and Michael addition reactions of activated methyl and methylene compounds in aqueous NaOH solution have been developed without the need for any added organic solvents. The water-soluble calix[n]arenes, which contain trimethyl-ammoniomethyl groups on the upper rim, were used as inverse phase-transfer catalysts, resulting in the corresponding products in good to excellent yields. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.