Water-soluble calixarenes as new inverse phase-transfer catalysts. Their application to aldol-type condensation and Michael addition reactions in water
Aldol-type condensation and Michael addition reactions of activated methyl and methylene compounds in aqueous NaOH solution have been developed without the need for any added organic solvents. The water-soluble calix[n]arenes, which contain trimethyl-ammoniomethyl groups on the upper rim, were used as inverse phase-transfer catalysts, resulting in the corresponding products in good to excellent yields. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Solvent-free condensation of arylacetonitrile with aldehydes
作者:Régis Guillot、André Loupy、Abdelkrim Meddour、Michèle Pellet、Alain Petit
DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2005.07.040
日期:2005.10
The condensation of a series of arylacetonitriles with aldehydes can be carried out by mixing equivalent amounts of reagents with neat powdered KOH at room temperature for 3-60 min depending on the aldehyde steric hindrance. At higher temperature (110 degrees C), yields were generally higher and purity increased within very short reaction times (1-5 min). With pentamethylphenylacetonitrile, a phase transfer agent was necessary to give a satisfactory yield. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Integrable equations for the partition function of the six-vertex model