Seven styrylquinolines were synthesized in this study. Two of these styrylquinolines are new and were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. The chemopreventive potential of these compounds was evaluated against SW480 human colon adenocarcinoma cells, its metastatic derivative SW620, and normal cells (HaCaT). According to the results, compounds 3a and 3d showed antiproliferative activity in SW480 and SW620 cells, but their effect seemed to be caused by different mechanisms of action. Compound 3a induced apoptosis independent of ROS production, as evidenced by increased levels of caspase 3, and had an immunomodulatory effect, positively regulating the production of different immunological markers in malignant cell lines. In contrast, compound 3d generated a pro-oxidant response and inhibited the growth of cancer cells, probably by another type of cell death other than apoptosis. Molecular docking studies indicated that the most active compound, 3a, could efficiently bind to the proapoptotic human caspases-3 protein, a result that could provide valuable information on the biochemical mechanism for the in vitro cytotoxic response of this compound in SW620 colon carcinoma cell lines. The obtained results suggest that these compounds have chemopreventive potential against CRC, but more studies should be carried out to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of action of each of them in depth.
本研究合成了七种苯乙烯喹啉。其中两个苯乙烯喹啉是新化合物,并通过光谱分析得到了阐明。研究评估了这些化合物对 SW480 人结肠腺癌细胞、其转移衍生物 SW620 以及正常细胞(HaCaT)的化学预防潜力。结果显示,化合物 3a 和 3d 对 SW480 和 SW620 细胞具有抗增殖活性,但它们的作用机制似乎不同。化合物 3a 可以诱导细胞凋亡,而不依赖于 ROS 的产生,这一点可以从 caspase 3 水平的升高中得到证明;化合物 3a 还具有免疫调节作用,可以积极调节恶性细胞系中不同免疫标志物的产生。与此相反,化合物 3d 产生了一种促氧化反应,抑制了癌细胞的生长,可能是通过细胞凋亡以外的另一种细胞死亡方式。分子对接研究表明,活性最强的化合物 3a 能有效地与促凋亡的人类 caspases-3 蛋白结合,这一结果为该化合物在 SW620 结肠癌细胞系中产生体外细胞毒性反应的生化机制提供了有价值的信息。研究结果表明,这些化合物具有化学预防结肠癌的潜力,但要深入阐明每种化合物的分子作用机制,还需要开展更多的研究。