Substituents Effect on the Erlenmeyer−Plöchl Reaction: Understanding an Observed Process Reaction Time
摘要:
A systematic study on hippuric acid substituents was performed in order to better understand the influence of stereoelectronic factors on the Erlenmeyer reaction rate. In addition, two reaction systems were evaluated: Hunig's base solvent free conditions and catalytic sodium acetate in 2-methyl-THF. The effect on reaction rate of electron withdrawing and electron donating groups are reported. Specifically, the study led to the conclusion that stereoelectronic factors have significant influence in one of our key Erlenmeyer reaction by affecting its reaction rate.
and the resulting product on hydrogenation gives peptides, containing the anthranilyl group as —NH2 end group. N (anthranilyl)amino acids or peptides can also be obtained by reaction of isatoic anhydride on amino acids or peptides. The anthranilyl end group is easily cleaved by metal (Cu+2) catalysed hydrolysis to give α-amino acid peptides and the insoluble copper(II) anthranilate.
Amino acids in the synthesis of heterocyclic systems. Synthesis of γ-(5-(1,2,4-Triazinylidene))-α,β-dehydro-α-amino acid derivatives and 6<i>H</i>-pyrido[1,2-<i>d</i>][1,2,4]triazin-6-ones
作者:Branko Stanovnik、Miha Tišler、Anton Čopar
DOI:10.1002/jhet.5570320208
日期:1995.3
with 5(4H)-oxazolones 4 in acetic anhydride to give acetylated products 5, while in toluene-acetic acid mixture nonacetylated products 9 are formed. Both types of products were isolated as (E,Z) mixtures. Compounds 5 and 9 rearrange into 6H-pyrido[1,2-d]-[1,2,4]triazin-6-ones 12 by heating in formic acid or in xylene, respectively. Compounds 5 are transformed in the presence of nucleophiles, such as
5-(1,2,4-三嗪基)取代的烯胺3与5(4反应ħ)-oxazolones 4在乙酸酐,得到乙酰化产物5,而在甲苯-乙酸混合物非乙酰化产物9而形成。两种类型的产物均以(E,Z)混合物的形式分离出来。通过在甲酸或二甲苯中加热,化合物5和9分别重排成6 H-吡啶并[1,2- d ]-[1,2,4]三嗪-6-酮12。化合物5在亲核试剂(如醇钠或酰胺钠)存在下通过阴离子形式转化10转化为相应的存在于2-(Z),4-(Z)中的α-氨基-2-丁烯酸的γ-(5-(1,2,4-三叠氮基))取代的衍生物的酯13和酰胺14形式。
Stereospecific synthesis of dl-cyclopenin and dl-cyclopenol
作者:J.D. White、W.E. Haefliger、M.J. Dimsdale
DOI:10.1016/0040-4020(70)85023-2
日期:——
A stereospecific synthesis of dl-cyclopenin (1) is described corroborating previous structural and stereochemical assignments. The hippuric acid 10 was converted to cis ester 11 which was reduced and cyclized separately to cis and trans 3-benzylidene-4-methyl-1-H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2,5-diones 12 and 14. In an alternative approach, hippuric acid 5 was converted via oxazolone 4 to trans ester 9. Epoxidation
Method for Producing Acetamidopyrrolidine Derivatives and Intermediate Compounds Thereof
申请人:Kawana Asahi
公开号:US20070249847A1
公开(公告)日:2007-10-25
A production method of an acetamidopyrrolidine derivative or a salt thereof comprising the reaction steps represented by the following formula:
wherein R
1
represents a hydrogen atom or a C
1
-C
6
alkyl group; R
13
, R
14
, R
15
and R
16
each represent independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C
1
-C
6
alkyl group, a C
1
-C
6
alkoxy group, a hydroxyl group, a C
1
-C
6
haloalkyl group or a C
1
-C
6
haloalkoxy group; and R
21
represents an ester-type protecting group.
Synthesis and in vitro aldose reductase inhibitory activity of compounds containing an N-acylglycine moiety
作者:Jack DeRuiter、Blake E. Swearingen、Vinay Wandrekar、Charles A. Mayfield
DOI:10.1021/jm00125a017
日期:1989.5
A number of N-benzoylglycines (6), N-acetyl-N-phenylglycines (7), N-benzoyl-N-phenylglycines (8), and tricyclic N-acetic acids (9-12) were synthesized as analogues of the N-acylglycine-containing aldose reductase inhibitors alrestatin and 2-oxoquinoline-1-acetic acid. Derivatives of 6, which represent ring-simplified analogues of alrestatin, are very weak inhibitors of aldose reductase obtained from rat lens, producing 50% inhibition only at concentrations exceeding 100 microM. Compounds of series 7 were designed as ring-opened analogues of the 2-oxoquinolines. While these derivatives are more potent than compounds of series 6 (IC50S of 6-80 microM), they are less active than the corresponding 2-oxoquinolines. Analogues of series 8 were designed as hybrid structures of both alrestatin and the 2-oxoquinoline-1-acetic acids. These compounds are substantially more potent than compounds of series 6 and 7 and display inhibitory activities comparable to or greater than alrestatin or the 2-oxoquinolines (IC50S of 0.1-10 microM). Of the rigid analogues of 8, the most potent derivative is benzoxindole (12) with an IC50 of 0.67 microM, suggesting that fusion of the two aromatic rings of 8 in a coplanar conformation may optimize affinity for aldose reductase in this series.