脲(Urea),化学式为( \text{CO(NH}_2\right)_2 ),是一种有机化合物,由碳、氧、氮和氢四种元素组成。脲在常温下是无色晶体,在加热至133°C时会分解成二氧化碳和氨。它具有一定的水溶性,并且是许多生物体中蛋白质代谢的产物之一。
脲不仅是尿素的主要成分,也是重要的工业化学品之一。其主要用途包括:
在生物化学中,脲循环(Urea Cycle)是体内氨处理机制的一部分,对于维持酸碱平衡至关重要。此外,尿素也被用于研究细胞内蛋白质动态变化的工具之一,在分子生物学实验中较为常见。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3-甲基-1,1-二苯基脲 | N-methyl-N',N'-diphenylurea | 13114-72-2 | C14H14N2O |
| 3-溴苯基脲 | 1-(3-bromophenyl)urea | 2989-98-2 | C7H7BrN2O |
| 3-氨基苯基脲单盐酸盐 | m-ureidoaniline hydrochloride | 59690-88-9 | C7H9N3O*ClH |
| 3-乙基-2,5-二氢-4-甲基-N-[2-[3-[[[[(反式-4-甲基环己基)氨基]羰基]氨基]磺酰基]苯基]乙基]-2-氧代-1H-吡咯-1-甲酰胺 | 1-((3-(2-(((3-Ethyl-4-methyl-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)carbonyl)amino)ethyl)phenyl)sulfonyl)-3-(trans-4-methylcyclohexyl)urea | 791104-62-6 | C24H34N4O5S |
| 3-乙基-2,5-二氢-4-甲基-2-氧代-n-(2-苯基乙基)-1H-吡咯-1-羧酰胺 | 3-ethyl-4-methyl-2-oxo-3-pyrroline-1-(N-phenylethyl)carboxamide | 247098-18-6 | C16H20N2O2 |
| 3-(3-甲苯基脲基)苯基4-甲基苯磺酸酯 | N-(p-toluenesulfonyl)-N'-(3-p-toluenesulfonyloxyphenyl)urea | 232938-43-1 | C21H20N2O6S2 |
| 2-硫代乙内酰脲 | thiohydantoin | 503-87-7 | C3H4N2OS |
| 2-甲基-1-硝基异脲 | 2-methyl-1-nitroisourea | 57538-27-9 | C2H5N3O3 |
| 2-氯-4-嘧啶甲酸 | 2-chloropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid | 149849-92-3 | C5H3ClN2O2 |
| 2,5-二硫代联二脲 | bithiourea | 142-46-1 | C2H6N4S2 |
| 2,4-二硫代缩二脲 | 2,4-Dithiobiuret | 541-53-7 | C2H5N3S2 |
| 1-萘基脲 | 1-naphthalenyl-urea | 6950-84-1 | C11H10N2O |
| 1-甲基脲嘧啶 | 1-methylthymine | 4160-72-9 | C6H8N2O2 |
| 1-甲基-5,5-二苯基-2,4-咪唑烷二酮 | 1-methyl-5,5-diphenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione | 6859-11-6 | C16H14N2O2 |
| 1-异丙基-2-硫脲 | 1-isopropylthiourea | 1719-76-2 | C4H10N2S |
| 1-二甲基胺-2-丙炔 | N,N-Dimethylpropargylamin | 7223-38-3 | C5H9N |
| 1-[4-(二甲基氨基)苯基]-3-甲基脲 | 1-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-3-methylurea | 6956-24-7 | C10H15N3O |
| 1-[3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基]-3-[(1S,2S)-(+)-2-(二甲基氨基)环己基]硫脲 | 1-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[(1S,2S)-2-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]thiourea | 851477-20-8 | C17H21F6N3S |
| 1-[3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基]-3-[(1R,2R)-(-)-2-(二甲氨基)环己基]硫脲 | 1-{3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl}-3-{(1R,2R)-2-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl}thiourea | 620960-26-1 | C17H21F6N3S |
| 1-N-丁基乙内酰脲 | 1-butylhydantoin | 33599-32-5 | C7H12N2O2 |
| 1-(嘧啶-2-基)硫代脲 | pyrimidin-2-yl-thiourea | 31437-20-4 | C5H6N4S |
| 1-(二环丙基甲基)-3-(2-羟基乙基)脲 | S 11460 | 54187-44-9 | C10H18N2O2 |
| 1-(N,N-二甲基脲)-3-(N,N-二甲基脲甲基)-3,5,5-三甲基环己烷 | N'-[3-[[[(Dimethylamino)carbonyl]amino]methyl]-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexyl]-N,N-dimethyl-urea | 39992-90-0 | C16H32N4O2 |
| 1-(4-溴苯基)-2-硫代脲 | 1-(4-bromophenyl)thiourea | 2646-30-2 | C7H7BrN2S |
| 1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-2-硫脲 | 3,4-dichlorophenylthiourea | 19250-09-0 | C7H6Cl2N2S |
| 1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-1-羟基-3-甲基脲 | 1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-hydroxy-3-methylurea | 6263-37-2 | C8H8Cl2N2O2 |
| 1-(2-甲氧基乙基)-2-硫脲 | 1-(2-methoxyethyl)thiourea | 102353-42-4 | C4H10N2OS |
| 1-(2-氯乙酰基)-3-环己基脲 | PCM-0102692 | 16467-50-8 | C9H15ClN2O2 |
| 1-(2-氟-6-(三氟甲基)苄基)脲 | 1-(2-fluoro-6-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)urea | 830346-46-8 | C9H8F4N2O |
| 1,4-亚苯基二(硫脲) | 1,1'-(1,4-phenylene)bis(thiourea) | 1519-70-6 | C8H10N4S2 |
| 1,3-双[4-(三氟甲基)苯基]硫脲 | 1,3-bis(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)thiourea | 1744-07-6 | C15H10F6N2S |
| 1,3-双[3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基]硫脲 | 1,3-bis(3,5-bis(trifluoro-ethyl)phenyl)thiourea | 1060-92-0 | C17H8F12N2S |
| 1,3-双(4-硝基苯基)脲 | bis-N,N'-(4-nitrophenyl)urea | 587-90-6 | C13H10N4O5 |
| 1,3-双(4-甲氧基苯基)硫脲 | 1,3-bis-(p-methoxyphenyl)thiourea | 1227-45-8 | C15H16N2O2S |
| 1,3-二甲基-2-硒基脲 | N,N'-dimethylselenourea | 5533-46-0 | C3H8N2Se |
| 1,3-二烯丙基脲 | 1,3-diallylurea | 1801-72-5 | C7H12N2O |
| 1,3-二吡啶-2-基脲 | 1,3-di-pyridin-2-yl-urea | 6268-43-5 | C11H10N4O |
| 1,3-二乙基脲 | N,N-diethylurea | 634-95-7 | C5H12N2O |
| 1,3-二乙基脲 | N,N'-diethylurea | 623-76-7 | C5H12N2O |
| 1,3-(二糠基)硫脲 | 1,3-di((furan-2-yl)methyl)thiourea | 10248-89-2 | C11H12N2O2S |
| 1,1-二乙基-2-硒基脲 | N,N-diethylselenourea | 5117-17-9 | C5H12N2Se |
| 1,1,3,3-四甲基脲 | tetramethylurea | 632-22-4 | C5H12N2O |
| 1'3-双羟甲基脲 | 1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)urea | 140-95-4 | C3H8N2O3 |
| (苯甲酰基氨基)硫脲 | benzoyl thiosemicarbazide | 5351-66-6 | C8H9N3OS |
| (S)-2-(((苄氧基)羰基)氨基)-5-脲啶戊酸 | N<sup>α</sup>-benzyloxy-carbonyl-L-citrulline | 6692-89-3 | C14H19N3O5 |
| (6-甲基-2-氧代-4-六氢-嘧啶基)脲 | (6-methyl-2-oxo-hexahydro-pyrimidin-4-yl)-urea | 1129-42-6 | C6H12N4O2 |
| (5-甲基)二硫代尿嘧啶 | 2,4-dithiothymine | 6217-61-4 | C5H6N2S2 |
| (5-氯吡啶-2-基)硫脲 | (5-chloro-2-pyridyl)thiourea | 31430-27-0 | C6H6ClN3S |
| (3,4-二甲基苯基)硫脲 | N-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)thiourea | 16738-18-4 | C9H12N2S |
| (2-溴苯基)脲 | 1-(2-bromophenyl)urea | 13114-90-4 | C7H7BrN2O |