甾体化合物是一类重要的生物活性分子,具有独特的碳环结构和立体异构特征。它们广泛存在于自然界中,尤其是在植物、动物以及微生物体内,是医药化学领域的一个重要研究对象。
结构特点甾体的基本结构包括一个由17个碳原子组成的环状骨架(C-17),通常含有四个共轭的六元环系统:A环、B环、C环和D环。这一结构通过不同的侧链修饰形成了多种化学性质各异的甾体化合物,例如胆固醇、孕甾酮等。
分类根据其分子中碳原子数量的不同,甾体可以进一步分为不同的类别:
甾体化合物在生物体内扮演着多种角色:
由于甾体化合物独特的生物活性,在医药化工领域得到了广泛应用:
对甾体化合物的研究通常涉及多种分析技术和化学反应:
总的来说,甾体化合物因其广泛的生理活性和潜在的医疗价值,在化学化工及生物医药领域占据重要地位。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | stigmast-4,22-dien-3β,6β-diol | 167958-89-6 | C29H48O2 |
| —— | Tachysterol(2) | 115-61-7 | C28H44O |
| —— | 3β-hydroxy-5α-carda-14(15),20(22)-dienolide | 3080-20-4 | C23H32O3 |
| —— | (22<i>S</i>,25<i>S</i>)-spirosol-5-en-3β-ol | 126-17-0 | C27H43NO2 |
| —— | spirosol-5-en-3-ol | 126-17-0 | C27H43NO2 |
| —— | 3α-hydroxysolasodine | 126-17-0 | C27H43NO2 |
| —— | 22R,25S-tomat-5-enin-3β-ol | 126-17-0 | C27H43NO2 |
| —— | (22<i>R</i>,25<i>R</i>)-spirosol-5-en-3β-ol | 126-17-0 | C27H43NO2 |
| —— | Shidasterone | 26361-67-1 | C27H42O6 |
| —— | Stachysterone D | 26361-67-1 | C27H42O6 |
| —— | 24α-Ethylcholesta-4,22-dien-3-one | 55722-32-2 | C29H46O |
| —— | N,N-Dibenzyl ethyl amine | 26315-07-1 | C29H46O |
| —— | (22R,25R)-spirosol-5-en-3beta-ol | 126-17-0 | C27H43NO2 |
| —— | 24-ethly-5α-cholesta-7-22(E)-dien-3-one | 23455-44-9 | C29H46O |
| —— | [(3R,6S,8R,11S,12S,16R)-7,7,12,16-tetramethyl-15-(6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl)-6-pentacyclo[9.7.0.01,3.03,8.012,16]octadecanyl] (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | 21238-33-5 | C40H58O4 |
| —— | 16-Dehydro-pregnenolon-acetat | 979-02-2 | C23H32O3 |
| —— | 3-<17β-Hydroxy-3-oxo-androstatrien-(4,6,9(11))-yl-(17α)>-propionsaeure-lacton | 95716-71-5 | C22H26O3 |
| —— | (22E)-5α-Ergosta-7,22-dien-3β-ol | 2465-11-4 | C28H46O |
| —— | (22E)-Ergosta-5,22-dien-3β-ol | 474-67-9 | C28H46O |
| —— | 5α,6α-epoxyergosterol | 23637-31-2 | C28H44O2 |
| —— | 3,5-Cyclo-ergosta-6,8(14),22-trien | 24352-51-0 | C28H42 |
| —— | prosapogenin A of dioscin | 19057-67-1 | C39H62O12 |
| —— | 22-oxo-20-hydroxyecdysone | 19974-12-0 | C27H42O7 |
| —— | 25-hydroxy-7-dehydrocholesterol | 22145-68-2 | C27H44O2 |
| —— | 25-hydroxycholesterol | 2140-46-7 | C27H46O2 |
| —— | 3β-hydroxyandrost-5-ene-7,17-dione | 566-19-8 | C19H26O3 |
| —— | 7-dehydropregnenolone | 81968-78-7 | C21H30O2 |
| —— | 25-hydroxy-5,6-trans-vitamin D<sub>3</sub> | 1233749-00-2 | C27H44O2 |
| —— | Ponasteron | 13408-48-5 | C27H44O6 |
| —— | 2β,3β,14α,20β,22R-pentahydroxy-5β-cholest-7-en-6-one | 13408-48-5 | C27H44O6 |
| —— | 1-[(17S)-3-hydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]ethanone | 145-13-1 | C21H32O2 |
| —— | 3β-hydroxy-pregn-5-en-20-one | 145-13-1 | C21H32O2 |
| —— | pregnenolone | 145-13-1 | C21H32O2 |
| —— | 3-epi-Pregnenolone | 145-13-1 | C21H32O2 |
| —— | pregnenolone | 145-13-1 | C21H32O2 |
| —— | 24R-ethyl-5α-cholestane-3β,6α-diol | 112244-29-8 | C29H52O2 |
| —— | stigmast-4-ene-3β,6β-diol | 113626-76-9 | C29H50O2 |
| —— | Campestanol | 474-60-2 | C28H50O |
| —— | sodium glycodeoxycholate | 16409-34-0 | C26H42NO5*Na |
| —— | gamma-Oryzanol | 21238-33-5 | C40H58O4 |
| —— | 20-hydroxyecdysone 20,22-acetonide | 22798-96-5 | C30H48O7 |
| —— | palmitoyl glucosyl sitosterol | 18749-71-8 | C51H90O7 |
| —— | 5-androsten-17-one | 25824-80-0 | C19H28O |
| —— | (3β)-Stigmast-5-en-3-yl 6-O-palmitoyl-β-D-glucopyranoside | 18749-71-8 | C51H90O7 |
| —— | cholestenone | 601-57-0 | C27H44O |
| —— | Δ<sub>4</sub>-cholesten-3-one | 601-57-0 | C27H44O |
| —— | cholestenone | 601-57-0 | C27H44O |
| —— | cholest-4-en-3-one | 601-57-0 | C27H44O |
| —— | 13β-ethyl-11-methylenegon-4-en-3,17-dione | 54024-17-8 | C20H26O2 |
| —— | 3-Oxo-etiochol-4-en-saeure | 302-97-6 | C20H28O3 |