A survey of diversely substituted 2-arylbenzoic acids were synthesized and tested for use as proton shuttle in the direct arylation of indoles with bromobenzenes. It was found that 3-ethoxy-2-phenylbenzoic acid gives superior yield and selectivity for this class of substrates.
A Tandem Madelung Indole Synthesis Mediated by a LiN(SiMe<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>/CsF System