P2X3 AND/OR P2X2/3 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST, PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION COMPRISING SAME, AND USE THEREOF
申请人:Beijing Tide Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
公开号:EP3712144A1
公开(公告)日:2020-09-23
A P2X3 and/or P2X2/3 receptor antagonist of formula (I), a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same, and a use thereof in preparing a drug for preventing or treating a disease mediated by the P2X3 and/or P2X2/3 receptor antagonist.
Direct C–H Hydroxylation of <i>N</i>-Heteroarenes and Benzenes <i>via</i> Base-Catalyzed Halogen Transfer
作者:Kendelyn I. Bone、Thomas R. Puleo、Jeffrey S. Bandar
DOI:10.1021/jacs.3c14058
日期:2024.4.10
employs an alkoxide base to catalyze X-transfer from sacrificial 2-halothiophene oxidants to aryl substrates, forming SNAr-active intermediates that undergo nucleophilic hydroxylation. Key to this process is the use of 2-phenylethanol as an inexpensive hydroxide surrogate that, after aromatic substitution and rapid elimination, provides the hydroxylated arene and styrene byproduct. Use of simple 2-halothiophenes
羟基化(杂)芳烃在许多行业中都受到重视,既是最终产品的关键成分,又是可多样化的合成结构单元。因此,开发补充和解决引入芳香族羟基的现有方法的局限性的反应是一个重要的目标。为此,我们应用碱催化的卤素转移(X-转移)来实现弱酸性N-杂芳烃和苯的直接C-H羟基化。该方案采用醇盐碱催化从牺牲的 2-卤代噻吩氧化剂到芳基底物的 X 转移,形成发生亲核羟基化的 S N Ar 活性中间体。该过程的关键是使用 2-苯基乙醇作为廉价的氢氧化物替代物,在芳族取代和快速消除后,提供羟基化芳烃和苯乙烯副产物。使用简单的2-卤代噻吩可以实现6元N-杂芳烃和1,3-唑衍生物的C-H羟基化,而合理设计的2-卤代苯并噻吩氧化剂则将范围扩展到缺电子苯底物。机理研究表明芳香族 X 转移是可逆的,这表明去质子化、卤化和取代步骤协同作用,表现出独特的选择性趋势,不一定依赖于酸性最强的芳基位置。通过简化的目标分子合成、与替代 C-H