Continuous bulk polymerization and esterification process and compositions including the polymeric product
申请人:——
公开号:US20020082375A1
公开(公告)日:2002-06-27
A continuous bulk polymerization and esterification process includes continuously charging into a reaction zone at least one ethylenically unsaturated acid-functional monomer and at least one linear or branched chain alkanol having greater than 11 carbon atoms. The process includes maintaining a flow rate through the reaction zone sufficient to provide an average residence time of less than 60 minutes and maintaining a temperature in the reaction zone sufficient to produce a polymeric product incorporating at least some of the alkanol as an ester of the polymerized ethylenically unsaturated acid-functional monomer. The polymeric product is used in various processes to produce water-based compositions including emulsions and dispersions such as oil emulsions, wax dispersions, pigment dispersions, surfactants and coatings which contain the polymeric product. A polymeric surfactant includes at least one ethylenically unsaturated acid-functional monomer which has been radically incorporated into the polymeric surfactant and at least one ester of the incorporated ethylenically unsaturated acid-functional monomer which has a linear or branched chain alkyl group with greater than 11 carbon atoms. The molar critical micelle concentration of the polymeric surfactant is less than 1.0×10
−2
moles/liter. Aqueous 2 percent solutions of certain polymeric surfactants have a surface tension of less than 45 mN/m at 30° C. and exhibit a decrease in surface tension of at least 5 mN/m as the temperature warms from 30° C. to 50° C.
一种连续大体积聚合和酯化工艺包括将至少一种乙烯不饱和酸官能团单体和至少一种具有大于 11 个碳原子的线性或支链烷醇连续充入反应区。该工艺包括保持通过反应区的流速足以提供小于 60 分钟的平均停留时间,并保持反应区的温度足以生产出一种聚合产品,其中含有至少部分作为聚合乙烯基不饱和酸官能团单体的酯的烷醇。聚合产物可用于生产水基组合物的各种工艺中,包括乳液和分散体,如含有聚合产物的油乳液、蜡分散体、颜料分散体、表面活性剂和涂料。聚合表面活性剂包括至少一种从根本上掺入聚合表面活性剂的乙烯不饱和酸官能团单体,以及至少一种掺入乙烯不饱和酸官能团单体的酯,该单体具有大于 11 个碳原子的直链或支链烷基。聚合物表面活性剂的摩尔临界胶束浓度小于 1.0×10
-2
摩尔/升。某些聚合物表面活性剂的 2%水溶液在 30 摄氏度时的表面张力小于 45 毫牛顿/米,当温度从 30 摄氏度升至 50 摄氏度时,表面张力下降至少 5 毫牛顿/米。