Intramolecular oxidative coupling of 3-indolylarylketones with Pd(II)-catalysis under air: convenient access to indenoindolones
摘要:
A Pd-catalyzed method has been developed for the intramolecular oxidative coupling of 3-indolylarylketones under open air as terminal oxidant toward the synthesis of indeno[1,2-b]indol-10(5H)-ones. This reaction represents an intramolecular coupling with dual activation of C-H bonds for electron-deficient arenes, while such reactions are common for electron-rich arenes. Pd(II)-catalysis with pivalic acid as co-catalyst has been found to be crucial. The reaction undergoes without indole N-H-protection. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Further examples of preferred transition state geometries in the oxidative cyclisation of indole and isoquinoline derivatives
作者:Mark Powell、Malcolm Sainsbury
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4039(01)83031-8
日期:1981.1
Electrochemical and chemical oxidative cyclisation reactions of some indole and isoquinoline derivatives appear to favour 6-membered transition states rather than the 5-membered counterparts. These results are analysed in terms of the Baldwin rules for ring-closure.