Twenty-one novel ester tethered artemisinin-isatin hybrids were designed, synthesized and screened against human myeloid leukemia cell lines (K562 and K562/ADR), human acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line (CCRF-CEM) as well as normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) for their cytotoxicity by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The structure-activity relationships (SARs) were also discussed to facilitate further rational design of more effective candidates. The preliminary results showed that most of the ester tethered artemisinin-isatin hybrids (IC50: 0.32-29.35 µM) exhibited promising activity against CCRF-CEM cells, and some of them (IC50: 1.23-49.84 µM) were also active against K562 and K562/ADR human myeloid leukemia cell lines. Among them, hybrid 7d (IC50: 0.32, 2.67 and 1.23 µM) not only possessed profound activity against the three tested leukemia cell lines and excellent safety and selectivity profiles, but also showed promising pharmacokinetic properties. Accordingly, hybrid 7d could be considered as a potential lead molecule for the development of novel anti-leukemic agents with minimal untoward events to normal human cells.
设计、合成并筛选了 21 种新型酯系青蒿素-靛红杂交化合物,这些化合物对人类髓系白血病细胞系(K562 和 K562/ADR)、人类急性淋巴细胞白血病细胞系(CCRF-CEM)以及正常人类外周血单核细胞(PBMCs)具有细胞毒性、和 K562/ADR 等人类急性淋巴细胞白血病细胞系(CCRF-CEM)以及正常人类外周血单核细胞(PBMCs)的细胞毒性进行了筛选(3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2,5-二苯基溴化四氮唑(MTT)试验)。此外,还讨论了结构-活性关系(SARs),以便进一步合理设计更有效的候选化合物。初步结果显示,大多数酯系青蒿素-靛红杂交化合物(IC50:0.32-29.35 µM)对 CCRF-CEM 细胞具有良好的活性,其中一些(IC50:1.23-49.84 µM)对 K562 和 K562/ADR 人类髓系白血病细胞株也有活性。其中,杂交 7d(IC50:0.32、2.67 和 1.23 µM)不仅对三种测试的白血病细胞株具有极强的活性和极佳的安全性和选择性,而且还显示出良好的药代动力学特性。因此,杂交 7d 可被视为开发新型抗白血病药物的潜在先导分子,对正常人体细胞的不良影响极小。