Synthesis of Fused-β-Lactams through Selective Gold-Catalyzed Oxycyclization of Dioxolane-Tethered Enynes
摘要:
The gold-catalyzed preparation of 2-azetidinone-fused oxacycles was accomplished from beta-lactam-linked enynes through heterocyclization reaction taking advantage of the acetonide pendant group. While the synthesis of fused tetrahydrofuran-beta-lactams from 1,3-enynes could be considered as an unusual metal-catalyzed cyclization of enynols, alpha-alkoxy dioxolane-tethered 1,3-enynes exclusively undergo bis-oxycyclization to afford tricyclic bridged acetals.
Direct allenol-based stereocontrolled access to substituted (E)-1,3-enynes
作者:Benito Alcaide、Pedro Almendros、Teresa Martínez del Campo
DOI:10.1039/c2ob26085a
日期:——
A stereoselective synthesis of 1-substituted (E)-2-aryl-but-1-en-3-ynes, including tetrasubstituted alkenes, has been developed from aryl-substituted α-allenols by treatment with the AcCl–NaOH (aqueous) system. This transformation might be explained through the elimination of acetic acid, made up of a δ-hydrogen and the acetate group in the initially formed α-allenic acetate.
A novel regioselective metal-catalyzed spirocyclization of alpha-allenols-cross coupling (Heck, Sonogashira, and Suzuki) reaction sequence, leading to potentially bioactive spirocyclic lactam derivatives has been developed. Precursors for the tandem spirocyclization-coupling reaction, alpha-allenols 2 a-d were obtained starting from alpha-oxolactams 1 a-c via indium-mediated Barbier-type carbonyl-allenylation
A dual reactivity of 2‐azetidinone‐tethered allenols may occur by judicious choice of the electrophilicreagents, namely halogenating versus selenating reagents. Using common substrates, structurally different compounds, namely tetramic acids (from N‐bromosuccinimide) or spirocyclic seleno‐β‐lactams (from N‐phenylselenophthalimide), can be readily synthesized by these divergent protocols.
Controlled Rearrangement of Lactam-Tethered Allenols with Brominating Reagents: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study on α- versus β-Keto Lactam Formation
作者:Benito Alcaide、Pedro Almendros、Amparo Luna、Sara Cembellín、Manuel Arnó、Luis R. Domingo
DOI:10.1002/chem.201101160
日期:2011.10.4
expansion of lactam‐tethered allenols to efficiently afford cyclic α‐ or β‐ketoamides with good yields and high chemo‐, regio‐, and diastereoselectivity, through controlled CC bondcleavage of the β‐ or γ‐lactamnucleus. Interestingly, in contrast to the rearrangement reactions of 2‐azetidinone‐tethered allenols, which lead to the corresponding tetramic acid derivatives (β‐keto lactam adducts) as the
An Alternative to Precious Metals: Hg(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>·3H<sub>2</sub>O as a Cheap and Water-Tolerant Catalyst for the Cycloisomerization of Allenols
Hg(ClO4)(2)center dot 3H(2)O, a cheap, water-tolerant, and stable salt, catalyzes the cydoisomerization reaction or alpha-allenols to 2,5-dihydrofurans in an efficient and selective manner. The reaction is general and can be applied to differently functionalized substrates, including alkyl-substituted, aryl-substituted, enantiopure, and tertiary allenols. In addition, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to obtain insight into various aspects of the controlled reactivity of a-allenols under mercury catalysis. They suggest a dual activation of the allenol by the Hg complex that drives the reaction to the chemoselective formation of 2,5-dihydrofurans.