Theoretical and Experimental Studies of Regioselectivity in Selenoxide Elimination
作者:Noboru Kondo、Hiroyuki Fueno、Hiroshi Fujimoto、Mineyuki Makino、Hiroaki Nakaoka、Ikuo Aoki、Sakae Uemura
DOI:10.1021/jo00097a029
日期:1994.9
In order to gain insight into the mechanism of selenoxide elimination, the transition state structures have been determined by applying the ab initio MO method to the elimination for systems having a simplified skeleton, CH2(Y)CH(Se(O)CH3)CH3 (Y OCH3, OH, CN and Cl). The calculations show that an allylic alkyl ether and an allylic alcohol should be produced preferentially in the case of Y = OCH3 and OH, respectively, whereas a vinylic cyanide should be the major product in the case of Y = CN. The chloro-substituted model has given a result most consistent with the methoxy-substituted model. The elimination occurs via a transition state with a five-membered ring structure, and the breaking of the C-beta-H bond takes place earlier than that of the Se-C-alpha bond, in the favorable path. The asynchronous nature of bond breaking is quite conspicuous in the cyano-substituted model, relative to the other systems. For comparison with the theoretical results, beta-methoxy-, beta-hydroxy-, beta-cyano-, and beta-chloro-substituted selenides were newly synthesized from trans-7-tetradecene, respectively, and were oxidized by H2O2 in tetrahydrofuran or in carbon tetrachloride. The regioselectivity observed for the elimination, i.e., the formation of a vinylic compound from the beta-cyano selenide and a mixture of allylic and vinylic products from the beta-chloro selenide, agrees well with the theoretical calculations. The difference in the activation energies of the two paths calculated for the model species is not large enough in the mthoxy- and hydroxy-substituted selenides to explain the almost; complete formation of an allylic compound in the physical experiments.