Investigation of 3-aryl-pyrimido[5,4-e][1,2,4]triazine-5,7-diones as small molecule antagonists of β-catenin/TCF transcription
摘要:
Nearly all colorectal cancers (CRCs) and varied subsets of other cancers have somatic mutations leading to beta-catenin stabilization and increased beta-catenin/TCF transcriptional activity. Inhibition of stabilized beta-catenin in CRC cell lines arrests their growth and highlights the potential of this mechanism for novel cancer therapeutics. We have pursued efforts to develop small molecules that inhibit beta-catenin/TCF transcriptional activity. We used xanthothricin, a known beta-catenin/TCF antagonist of microbial origin, as a lead compound to synthesize related analogues with drug-like features such as low molecular weight and good metabolic stability. We studied a panel of six candidate Wnt/beta-catenin/Tcf-regulated genes and found that two of them (Axin2, Lgr5) were reproducibly activated (9-10 fold) in rat intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6) following beta-catenin stabilization by Wnt-3a ligand treatment. Two previously reported beta-catenin/TCF antagonists (calphostin C, xanthothricin) and XAV939 (tankyrase antagonist) inhibited Wnt-activated genes in a dose-dependent fashion. We found that four of our compounds also potently inhibited Wnt-mediated activation in the panel of target genes. We investigated the mechanism of action for one of these (8c) and demonstrated these novel small molecules inhibit beta-catenin transcriptional activity by degrading beta-catenin via a proteasome-dependent, but GSK3 beta-, APC-, AXIN2- and beta TrCP-independent, pathway. The data indicate the compounds act at the level of beta-catenin to inhibit Wnt/beta-catenin/TCF function and highlight a robust strategy for assessing the activity of beta-catenin/TCF antagonists. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Microwave-assisted synthesis of 3-aryl-pyrimido[5,4-e][1,2,4]triazine-5,7(1H,6H)-dione libraries: derivatives of toxoflavin
作者:Nick Todorovic、Andrew Giacomelli、John A. Hassell、Christopher S. Frampton、Alfredo Capretta
DOI:10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.09.044
日期:2010.11
The parallel synthesis of a library of toxoflavin derivatives is described. The microwave-assisted approach involves the de novo generation of the heterocyclic scaffold and allows for facile introduction of a variety of fragments.
The Facile Synthesis of 6-Azapurines by Transformation of Toxoflavins (7-Azapteridines)
作者:Tomohisa Nagamatsu、Jun Ma、Fumio Yoneda
DOI:10.3987/com-08-s(f)111
日期:——
- This paper describes a reliable and facile synthesis of 6-azapurines (1,5-dimethyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-e][1,2,4]triazin-6(5H)-ones) by treatment of toxoflavins (7-azapteridines) with 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide at 5-25 °C along with a benzilic acid type rearrangement, followed by decarboxylation and oxidation by air. Furthermore, heating the 6-azapurines in 10% ethanolic sodium hydroxides afforded the