Total Syntheses of Spidamine and Joramine, Polyamine Toxins from the Joro Spider, Nephila clavata.
作者:Tadashige CHIBA、Toshifumi AKIZAWA、Motomi MATSUKAWA、Masatoshi NISHI、Nobufumi KAWAI、Masanori YOSHIOKA
DOI:10.1248/cpb.44.972
日期:——
In order to confirm the structures of spidamine and joramine, identified from the venom of a spider (Nephila clavata), we convergently synthesized both compounds, which have a common side chain of N-(L-asparaginyl)-N'-(3-aminopropyl-β-alanyl)-1, 5-pentanediamine. A synthon of the common side chain was synthesized by starting with n-propanolamine which was converted to 7-azido-N-benzyloxycarbonyl-4-azaheptanoic acid N-hydroxysuccinimidyl ester. The ester was coupled with tert-butyloxycarbonyl-L-asparaginyl-1, 5-pentanediamine to give the synthon of the common side chain. In the final synthesis of spidamine, the synthon of the common side chain was reacted with 2, 4-dibenzyloxyphenylacetic acid N-hydroxysuccinimidyl ester, obtained by Willgerodt-Kindler reaction of 2, 4-dihydroxyacetophenone. The protected spidamine was catalytically hydrogenated to remove protective groups, affording spidamine itself in 13% yield from n-propanolamine. In the final synthesis of joramine, the synthon of the common side chain was reacted with 4-benzyloxyphenyl acetic acid N-hydroxysuccinimidyl ester. The protected joramine was also catalytically hydrogenated to produce joramine itself in 11% yield.The conformations of both synthesized compounds were analyzed by 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. Their blocking activities on glutamate receptors were examined using labster neuromuscular synapses.
为了确认从蜘蛛(Nephila clavata)毒液中鉴定出的spidamine和joramine的结构,我们收敛性地合成了这两种化合物,它们具有共同的侧链N-(L-天冬酰胺基)-N'-(3-氨基丙基-β-丙氨酸)-1, 5-戊二胺。通过以n-丙醇胺为起始材料合成了共同侧链的合成单元,该物质被转化为7-叠氮-N-苄氧羧酸-4-氮杂庚酸N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺酯。这个酯与tert-丁氧羧基-L-天冬酰胺-1, 5-戊二胺偶联,得到共同侧链的合成单元。在spidamine的最终合成中,共同侧链的合成单元与由Willgerodt-Kindler反应2, 4-二羟基乙酰苯酮得到的2, 4-二苄氧基苯乙酸N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺酯反应。保护型的spidamine经过催化氢化以去除保护基团,最终得到了spidamine,其产率为从n-丙醇胺起始物的13%。在joramine的最终合成中,共同侧链的合成单元与4-苄氧基苯乙酸N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺酯反应。保护型的joramine同样经过催化氢化以生成joramine,本体的产率为11%。通过1H-NMR和13C-NMR分析了这两种合成化合物的构象。利用实验室神经肌肉突触考察了它们对谷氨酸受体的阻断活性。