Dual C(sp<sup>3</sup>
)−H Bond Functionalization of N-Heterocycles through Sequential Visible-Light Photocatalyzed Dehydrogenation/[2+2] Cycloaddition Reactions
through a sequential visible‐light photocatalyzed dehydrogenation/[2+2] cycloaddition procedure. As a complementary approach to the well‐established use of iminium ion and α‐amino radical intermediates, the elusive cyclic enamine intermediates were effectively generated by photoredox catalysis under mild conditions and efficiently captured by acetylene esters to form a wide array of bicyclic amino acid
Copper-Assisted Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Direct Arylation of Cyclic Enaminones with Arylboronic Acids
作者:Yong Wook Kim、Micah J. Niphakis、Gunda I. Georg
DOI:10.1021/jo301531k
日期:2012.11.2
Described herein is a palladium(II)-catalyzed direct arylation of cyclic enaminones with arylboronicacids. The versatility of this method is that both electron-rich and electron-poor boronic acids can be coupled in high yields. A mixture of two Cu(II) additives was crucial for efficient cross-coupling. The role of each Cu(II) reagent appears to be distinct and complementary serving to assist catalyst
Palladium-Catalyzed Direct C–H Arylation of Cyclic Enaminones with Aryl Iodides
作者:Yi-Yun Yu、Lei Bi、Gunda I. Georg
DOI:10.1021/jo400830t
日期:2013.6.21
A ligand-free method for the Pd-catalyzed direct arylation of cyclic enaminones using aryl iodides was developed. This method can be applied to a wide range of cyclic enaminones and aryl iodides with excellent C5-regioselectivity. Using widely available aryl iodides, the generality of this transformation provides easy access to a variety of 3-arylpiperidine structural motifs.
Synthesis of 6- and 7-Membered Cyclic Enaminones: Scope and Mechanism
作者:Micah J. Niphakis、Brandon J. Turunen、Gunda I. Georg
DOI:10.1021/jo100907u
日期:2010.10.15
Six- and seven-membered cyclic enaminones can be prepared using common. environmentally benign reagents. Ammo acids are used as synthetic precursors allowing diversification and the incorporation of chirality The key reaction in this multistep process involves deprotection Boc-amino ynones and subsequent treatment with methanolic K2CO3 to induce cyclization. A beta-amino elimination side reaction was identified in a few labile substrates that led to loss of stereochemical purity of degradation. This process can be mitigated in specific cases using mild deprotection conditions NMR and deuteitum-labeling experiments provided valuable insight into the work kings and limitations of this reaction Although disguised as a 6-endo-dig cyclization, the reagents employed in the transformation play a direct role in bond-making and bond-breaking. thus changing die mode of addition to a 6-endo-trig cyclization This method can be used to construct an array of monocyclic and bicyclic scaffolds. many of which me found in well-known natural products (e g indolizidine, quinolizidine, and Stemona alkaloids).
Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Alkenylation of Cyclic Enaminones via the Fujiwara–Moritani Reaction
作者:Yi-Yun Yu、Micah J. Niphakis、Gunda I. Georg
DOI:10.1021/ol202677g
日期:2011.11.4
A new Pd(II)-catalyzed dehydrogenative alkenylation reaction involving two alkenes was developed. A variety of nonaromatic, cyclic enaminones were successfully coupled to primary and secondary alkenes yielding a series of unique 1,3-dienes. The generality of this transformation presents a useful strategy for directly cross-coupling alkenes and offers an attractive new approach to functionallze enaminones.