Tin tetrachloride-induced π-cyclizations of glycine cation equivalents to substituted pipecolic acid derivatives
摘要:
Cationic pi-cyclization reactions of N-(3-alkenyl)-N-(methoxycarbonyl)acetoxyglycine esters induced by tin tetrachloride in dichloromethane are described. Reactions started and quenched with water at -78-degrees-C mainly yield cis-4-hydroxypipecolic esters, whereas reactions quenched after warm-up to room temperature provide trans-4-chloropipecolic esters as major products. A mechanistic scheme is advanced which adequately explains these results. The essentials are a rapid cationic aza-Cope equilibrium of the incipient iminium cation, and participation of the ester moiety through formation of a relatively stable bicyclic dioxycarbenium cation as pivotal intermediate.
Tin tetrachloride-induced π-cyclizations of glycine cation equivalents to substituted pipecolic acid derivatives
摘要:
Cationic pi-cyclization reactions of N-(3-alkenyl)-N-(methoxycarbonyl)acetoxyglycine esters induced by tin tetrachloride in dichloromethane are described. Reactions started and quenched with water at -78-degrees-C mainly yield cis-4-hydroxypipecolic esters, whereas reactions quenched after warm-up to room temperature provide trans-4-chloropipecolic esters as major products. A mechanistic scheme is advanced which adequately explains these results. The essentials are a rapid cationic aza-Cope equilibrium of the incipient iminium cation, and participation of the ester moiety through formation of a relatively stable bicyclic dioxycarbenium cation as pivotal intermediate.
Formic acid-induced π-cyclization of glycine cation equivalents to substituted pipecolic acid derivatives
作者:Peter M Esch、de Boer F Richard、Hiemstra Henk、Ilona M Boska、Speckamp W. Nico
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4020(01)86444-9
日期:1991.1
Formic acid-mediated cyclization reactions of N-(3-alkenyl)-N-(methoxycarbonyl)-acetoxyglycine esters are described. The major reaction products are 4-formyloxypipecolic acid derivatives, formed with low stereoselectivity at C-4. The several subtle features of the cyclization process are satisfactorily explained by a mechanism involving (1) a rapid cationic aza-Cope rearrangement of the incipient iminium ion and (2) participation of the ester moiety through formation of a relatively stable bicyclic dioxycarbenium cation as pivotal intermediate.