申请人:Raleigh James A.
公开号:US20080085237A1
公开(公告)日:2008-04-10
The present invention incorporates weakly basic substituents (pKa about 8 or greater) such as pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine and azapane moieties in halogenated 2-nitromidazoles as a major improvement over prior art for the non-invasive detection of cellular hypoxia in normal and malignant tissues. The invention features the use of [18F] positron emission tomography, [19F] magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and [19F] magnetic resonance imaging. Improvements over prior art compounds are six-fold. 1) Salts of weakly basic reagents are highly water-soluble which facilitates administration. 2) Unreacted reagents are rapidly cleared from systemic circulation thereby decreasing background noise. 3) Reagents with weakly basic substituents are concentrated in tissue ˜3 fold above plasma levels thereby increasing binding intensity and enhancing signal detection. 4) Conjugate bases of weakly basic reagents have intermediate octanol-water partition coefficients that facilitate their penetration into all tissues including brain. 5) Cellular adducts of reagents containing weakly basic substituents are more stable than reagents of prior art. 6) Reagents with weakly basic substituents are effective for the detection of transient hypoxia in solid tissue.
本发明将弱碱性取代基(pKa约为8或更高)如吡咯烷、哌啶、哌嗪和氮代环己烷基团引入卤代2-硝基咪唑中,作为对正常和恶性组织细胞缺氧的非侵入性检测的重大改进。该发明采用了[18F]正电子发射断层扫描、[19F]核磁共振波谱和[19F]核磁共振成像。与现有技术相比,改进了六倍。1)弱碱试剂的盐具有高水溶性,有利于给药。2)未反应的试剂会迅速从体循环中清除,从而减少背景噪音。3)含有弱碱性取代基的试剂在组织中的浓度约为血浆水平的3倍,从而增加结合强度并增强信号检测。4)弱碱性试剂的共轭碱具有中等的辛醇-水分配系数,有利于它们渗透到包括大脑在内的所有组织中。5)含有弱碱性取代基的试剂的细胞加合物比现有技术的试剂更稳定。6)含有弱碱性取代基的试剂对固体组织中瞬时缺氧的检测是有效的。