Process Development and Scale-Up of a PPARγ Agonist: Selection of the Manufacture Route
作者:Kae M. Bullock、Delphilia Burton、John Corona、Ann Diederich、Bobby Glover、Kim Harvey、Mark B. Mitchell、Mark D. Trone、Robert Yule、Yong Zhang、Jennifer F. Toczko
DOI:10.1021/op800211c
日期:2009.3.20
-forming reaction in each synthesis was the substitution of a 3,5-difluoro or 3,5-dibromo aryl intermediate with 2-methoxyethanol. A nucleophilic aromatic (SNAr) substitution reaction under basic conditions was developed for the aryl fluoride substrate. The 3,5-dibromo aryl halide intermediate required copper-catalyzed conditions to achieve substitution of the second bromide. In addition, a 2-methoxyethanol
已开发并大规模实施了两条通往选择性PPARγ激动剂GSK376501A的短而高收益的途径。每个合成中的关键键形成反应是将3,5-二氟或3,5-二溴芳基中间体替换为2-甲氧基乙醇。亲核芳香族(S N开发了在碱性条件下对芳基氟化物底物进行的Ar)取代反应。3,5-二溴芳基卤化物中间体需要铜催化的条件才能实现第二溴化物的取代。此外,阐明了在碱性反应条件下生成甲醇和环氧乙烷的2-甲氧基乙醇分解途径及其对杂质形成的影响。二氟和二溴中间体都被认为是最终生产途径的基础。选择二氟底物的原因是化学反应简单,杂质分布可控且易于除氟。