Synthesis and structure–activity relationships of benzophenone-bearing diketopiperazine-type anti-microtubule agents
摘要:
KPU-105 (4), a potent anti-microtubule agent that contains a benzophenone was derived from the dike-topiperazine-type vascular disrupting agent (VDA) plinabulin 3, which displays colchicine-like tubulin depolymerization activity. To develop derivatives with more potent anti-microtubule and cytotoxic activities, we further modified the benzophenone moiety of 4. Accordingly, we obtained a 4-fluorobenzophenone derivative 16j that inhibited tumor cell growth in vitro with a subnanomolar IC50 value against HT-29 cells (IC50 = 0.5 nM). Next, the effect of 16j on mitotic spindles was evaluated in HeLa cells. Treatment with 3 nM of 16j partially disrupted the interphase microtubule network. By contrast, treatment with the same concentration of CA-4 barely affected the microtubule network, indicating that 16j exhibited more potent anti-mitotic effects than did CA-4. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Synthesis and structure–activity relationships of benzophenone-bearing diketopiperazine-type anti-microtubule agents
摘要:
KPU-105 (4), a potent anti-microtubule agent that contains a benzophenone was derived from the dike-topiperazine-type vascular disrupting agent (VDA) plinabulin 3, which displays colchicine-like tubulin depolymerization activity. To develop derivatives with more potent anti-microtubule and cytotoxic activities, we further modified the benzophenone moiety of 4. Accordingly, we obtained a 4-fluorobenzophenone derivative 16j that inhibited tumor cell growth in vitro with a subnanomolar IC50 value against HT-29 cells (IC50 = 0.5 nM). Next, the effect of 16j on mitotic spindles was evaluated in HeLa cells. Treatment with 3 nM of 16j partially disrupted the interphase microtubule network. By contrast, treatment with the same concentration of CA-4 barely affected the microtubule network, indicating that 16j exhibited more potent anti-mitotic effects than did CA-4. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Consequently, the alkene moiety in the starting pyridines is incorporated into the benzene ring of the products. Pyridiniums bearing various alkene moieties were efficiently converted to formyl-substituted benzene derivatives. Mechanistic studies support the postulation that the present catalytic process was intermediated by streptocyanine. In this reaction system, streptocyanine could be regarded as a